tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-35209085037812995952024-02-08T02:11:16.617-08:00Writing essay in englishEnglish Essay Topics For High School Studentsjaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.comBlogger30125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-61391732018328223532020-08-24T02:53:00.001-07:002020-08-24T02:53:04.779-07:00Essays --Robert Miyoshi Dr. Conti CPRL 110-04 15 December 2013 The Religious Journey of Malcolm X Malcolm X is broadly known as one of the most powerful figures in the development of Civil Rights. In spite of the fact that his perspectives changed after some time, he was in every case genuine about his convictions and remained by them 100%. He was conceived Malcolm Little, to a Baptist lay speaker and a Grenada-conceived homemaker, Malcolmââ¬â¢s family must be moved a few times in light of steady passing dangers toward his dad. At six years old, Earl, Malcolmââ¬â¢s father was slaughtered in a trolley mishap that the family accepted was crafted by a racial oppressor bunch called the Black Legion. At thirteen, Malcolmââ¬â¢s mother was regulated at a psychological emergency clinic, leaving her youngsters to be isolated into encourage homes. Albeit a superb understudy in middle school, Malcolm dropped out of school when a white instructor disclosed to him that his fantasy about specializing in legal matters was ââ¬Å"no sensible objective for a niggerâ⬠. After a young people of negligible wrongdoing and a youthful adulthood of bigger infractions, Malcolm ended up in prison for burglary and breaking and entering. While serving his eight to multi year sentence at Charlestown State Prison, Malcolm started perusing and assisting his training through perusing. Likewise while in jail, Malcolmââ¬â¢s sibling, Reginald visited him bearing updates on a religion called the ââ¬Å"Nation of Islamâ⬠. This conviction framework fit well with Malcolmââ¬â¢s perspectives on white individuals: that they are fallen angels and that dark people are genuinely the unrivaled race. While still in jail, Malcolm kept up correspondence with Elijah Muhammad, the pioneer of the Nation of Islam. The ââ¬ËXââ¬â¢ in Malcolmââ¬â¢s name started showing up in 1950 and supplanted his last name ââ¬Å"Littleâ⬠in light of the fact that, ââ¬Å"[his] ââ¬ËXââ¬â¢ replac... ...s as they considered that To be as just a job inversion of the white/dark clash in the United States. The Nation of Islam was named as hatemongers, dark supremacists, racists, savagery searchers, segregationists, and a danger to improved race relations. Malcolm X went even similarly as to reprimand the social equality development and called Martin Luther King Jr. a ââ¬Å"chumpâ⬠and other social equality pioneers ââ¬Å"stoogesâ⬠of the white foundation. While in the tallness of his fame among the Nation of Islam and as quantities of blacks in the United States joined the Nation, Malcolm had interior clashes. These were on the grounds that he had discovered that Elijah Muhammad had extramarital illicit relationships with different individuals from the Nation of Islam; a colossal sin inside the religion. Muhammad had upwards of six ladies that he had laid down with and Malcolm X was profoundly influenced by his leaderââ¬â¢s activities. jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-10567857058830736862020-08-22T00:22:00.001-07:002020-08-22T00:22:25.528-07:00Types Of Database Management SystemsKinds Of Database Management Systems As we probably am aware databases are being utilized like never before to store and to get to data. Because of the simplicity of support and remarkable execution of databases, the development of database advances has been expanding quickly. Also DBMS had flourished over World Wide Web. Diverse web-applications are recovering the put away information and the appropriate responses are shown in a designed structure utilizing web dialects like XML. This article discusses the various Data Models for databases, and talks about their relative qualities and shortcomings. I will introduce the most widely recognized methodologies for information displaying that are utilized by DBMSs (RDBMS, OODBMS, ORDBMS and XML ) giving a snappy prologue to every one of them we will thoroughly analyzes the methodology treating them nearly. Information MODELS Database Model can be classified by the information structures and administrators they present to the client. (Bloor, 2003) (1) E-R Model (2) Hierarchical Data Model (3) Network Data Mode (4) Semi Structured Data Model (5) Relational Data Model (RDBMS) (6) Object Oriented Data Model (OODBMS) (7) Object Relational Data Model (ORDBMS) (8) Semi-organized information (XML) Among all information models referenced underneath, social model followed by object arranged and object social models delighted in most prominence, we will characterize individually and simultaneously we are going to show their favorable circumstances and impediments. Social DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (RDBMS) In RDBMS, all the information is as basic segments and columns in a table. Each table is an individual and autonomous element and we need not to utilize any physical pointers or physical connects to associate the substances like what we used to have in organize and various leveled models. All information is kept up as tables comprising of lines and sections. Information in two tables is connected through regular sections. Administrators are given to working on lines in tables. Along these lines, questioning turns out to be exceptionally simple. This was one of the primary explanations behind the social model to turn out to be increasingly famous with developers. The RDBMS structures information into relations (tables) which structure a two-dimensional portrayal of the information into lines and sections. A connection contains tuples (lines) and each tuple speaks to a particular record in the table. A tuple comprises of a lot of sloppy characteristics (segments) giving point of interest to the record. Columns are relegated a novel identifier, otherwise called an essential key, by which the record can be gotten to, controlled, and referenced by different tables or applications. Segments store the characteristics of a record, all the more ordinarily known as fields, and each property is doled out an information type. Organized Query Language (SQL) is recognized and acknowledged as the standard question language and exchange instrument for RDBMS. SQL questions can be utilized to access and return information from tables, characterize records and their properties, and to see information from different tables through activities, for example, a join.(Dolk, 1998) Two of the most well known instances of RDBMS as of now available are Oracle and Microsoft Access. Points of interest of RDBMS In RDBMS framework, the tables are straightforward, information is more obvious and speak with others. RDBMS is adaptable, clients don't need to utilize predefined keys to enter data. Programmed advancement of looking through is conceivable in RDBMS Structure Query language (SQL) is simpler to learn and execute. It bolsters enormous and huge databases. RDBMS are increasingly gainful in light of the fact that SQL is simpler to learn. This permits clients to invest more energy contributing as opposed to learning. Disservices RDBMS Very little productive and viable coordinated help. Need more stockpiling zone to deal with information, for example, pictures, computerized and sound/video. Social tables are level and don't offer great help for settled structures, for example, sets and exhibits. And furthermore specific sorts of connections, for example, sub-composing between database objects are difficult to speak to in this model. RDBMS innovation didn't exploit Object arranged programming idea, which is extremely famous in light of its methodology. All the information must be as tables where connections between elements are characterized by values. 2.2 OBJECT ORIENTED DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (OODBMS) As you know, web and Internet utilization is quickly expanding these days. To address the difficulty of the web and to beat the impediments of RDBMS, OODBMS was created. OODBMS represents Object arranged database the executives framework, which we can characterize as; it is a mix of Object Oriented Programming and Relational Database Management System. (Fong, 1997) Legacies, information embodiment, object personality, and polymorphism are the fundamental qualities of article arranged programming. By characterizing new articles, we can create answers for complex issues in legacy. Articles are connected and shared inside a system and have a free personality. The item personality (OID) works in the background to guarantee the uniqueness of the tuples, which is imperceptible to the clients. Additionally, no impediments are required on the qualities. On the off chance that we take something very similar in RDBMS, at that point we need to stress over particularly distinguishing tuples by their qualities and ensuring that no two tuples have a similar essential key qualities. Then again, polymorphism and dynamic restricting are valuable to make articles to give answers for the perplexing ones and to abstain from coding for each item. These items might be transient or diligent. By diligent article we mean the perpetual item put away inside the database to endure the execution of information process and so as to inevitably reuse it in another procedure. OODB manages these items in a uniform way. To make, update, erase or to recover the tenacious information, information definition language and information control dialects are significant in OODBMS. These dialects are additionally helpful to characterize a database, including making, adjusting and dropping tables and to guarantee the uprightness limitations in tables. Article Query Language (OQL) is the standard question language for OODBMS. OQL utilizes linguistic structure like SQL and is once in a while utilized since the fundamental usefulness of inquiries in characteristic for object-situated programming languages.(Chaterjee, 2005) Favorable circumstances of OODBMS Progressively semantic data Backing for complex items Extensibility of information types May improve execution with proficient storing Forming Reusability Legacy speeds advancement and application Potential to incorporate DBMSs into single condition Burdens OODBMS Solid restriction from the set up RDBMSs Absence of hypothetical establishment Return to old pointer frameworks Absence of standard specially appointed question language Absence of business information structure and the executives devices Steep expectation to absorb information Low market nearness Absence of similarity between various OODBMSs 2.3 OBJECT RELATIONAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ORDBMS) Article Relational Database Management System (ORDBMS) is an all-encompassing improvement of existing social database framework. To conquer the specific impediments and to build the presentation level, and to accomplish the advantages of social model and item model, ORDBMS innovation advanced by joining the social databases and article arranged ideas. We can join our custom information types, capacities, administrators and strategies with the database and we can store pictures, topographical data and interactive media items, for example, sound and video, it permits us to raise the degree of deliberation at which we need to see the difficult space. In ORDBMS restricted help of item arranged highlights, for the most part to new information types. Besides, it underpins dynamic information types (ADTs) and complex connections. ORDBMSs have a similar question driven way to deal with information the board as we have in RDBMS. Through explanatory SQL articulations, we can deal with the information access and there is no procedural or article at once, navigational interface. ORDBMS permits us to keep utilizing our current frameworks, without rolling out significant improvements. In basic words, we can say that ORDBMSs combine the highlights of RDBMSs with the best thoughts of OODBMSs. (Cigler, 1999) Favorable circumstances of ORDBMS Capacity to inquiry complex applications and capacity to deal with huge and complex applications Decreased Network Traffic inquiries and complex directions can be executed on the server (instead of customers) Application and Query Performance Parallel server innovation can be utilized Software Maintenance information and techniques are put away on the server and makes support simpler Coordinated Data and Transaction Management. The database motor handles all exchange honesty, reinforcement, and so forth., issues Disservices of ORDBMS Demonstrating and handling backing of complex items and their renditions, huge articles, semantic-rich connections, and so forth is just simple or in any event, missing in current ORDBMSs ORDBMSs must be supplemented by sufficient customer side information the board and long-running plan exchanges epitomizing the customer handling model, so as to offer palatable help for specialized applications Low execution in web applications 2.4 XML To comprehend XML is critical to comprehend its underlying foundations as a markup language archives. The term trademark is any component in a record that it isn't expected to be a piece of the printed yield.. In an electronic archive handling a markup language is a proper portrayal of what is contained in the record, which part is brand and what the brand depend on. Just as database frameworks advanced from the physical handling of records to give a sensible detachment, the markup language particular created from the guidelines showing how to print portions of the archive for the substance.. Such useful brand permits the report to have various arrangements in various circumstances. It likewise helps various pieces of a long archive, or various pages in a huge Web website, have a uniform organization. The brand wo jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-61418729939959848732020-07-16T17:01:00.001-07:002020-07-16T17:01:03.246-07:00GetApp GetApp In Barcelona we interviewed the founder and CEO of GetApp, Christophe Primault. GetApp is a marketplace for business applications that helps companies find the right app.Christophe provided some insights why its better to start your company in Spain instead of in the US, how the business model works, some market statistics, as well as great advice for first time entrepreneurs.Interviewer: Hi. Today we are in Barcelona with GetApp. Christopher, who are you and what do you do?Christopher: Good morning. Iâm Christopher, Iâm the CEO of GetApp. I founded this company five years ago with Manuel, my cofounder. We are a marketplace for business applications where businesses of all sizes come and discover applications for their business.Interviewer: How did you come up with this business idea?Christopher: Both Manuel and I, in our previous jobs, were facing this issue about to how to get products distributed in the new world of cloud computing and online. We realized that there was no so lution in place, so we decided to build one.Interviewer: What did you do before you started this company?Christopher: I started my career at NCR, which is not a startup, itâs a big American company that has been there for ages, and I spent 15 years there. I ended up being the VP of Global Marketing, and then decided to do something a bit more entrepreneurial. So I built my first startup which was about data integrity and security. This startup really failed. So that was my previous experience before GetApp.Interviewer: Did you found this startup or did you just join them?Christopher: Actually I joined the startup but at the very very beginning.Interviewer: Can you tell us a little bit more about the business model of GetApp?Christopher: GetApp has two value propositions for two main stakeholders. For businesses, we help them discover business applications wherever they need to find them, it can be searching on the web, it can be searching on their mobile, it can be when they use a nother application and they want to find an additional feature that is integrated with the application theyâre currently using. So thatâs our value proposition to them. Wherever you are, you will find new applications that are suitable for your business, and GetApp will help you discover the right one.Our second biggest stakeholders are our clients. They are developers of businesses applications, it can be Software as a Service providers, or native mobile applications. For these companies we serve as an online distribution channel. We are generation leads for them online. They come to GetApp, they give us information about their product, we review their product independently, and then we organize this information so that people who really need the application find it.Interviewer: For these businesses can you cluster them as related to some industries or so, maybe you have more focus on one industry?Christopher: Today we mostly deal with what we call horizontal applications, or a pplications that offer a feature that can be used in any industry. As an example, customer relationship management, or project management, or an accounting online software. This is currently the core of our business, but the market is developing a lot towards vertical applications, applications for the life science industry, applications for the retail industry, or ecommerce industry, so more and more weâre going to this space. Rather than selling verticals today, we sell more horizontal solutions, but verticalizing our marketplace is definitely on the agenda.Interviewer: So the revenue model basically works like this that you get paid for the lead from the app developers?Christopher: It works very much like Google. We feature applications and we get paid for that. It is pretty clear for the client, for the end user that the application theyâre looking at has featured. And then we get paid per click or per lead. Sometimes we also have revenue sharing every month with our clients .Interviewer: In terms of corporate strategy, what do you think are the main drivers that make you company stand out of the crowd?Christopher: First of all the main market driver is that more and more companies are testing and buying cloud-based software or native mobile software, just because itâs easier to get started with it and also itâs cheaper than traditional software. Today it represents about 7% of the total business software market, but itâs growing much faster than the traditional software. And thereâs no established distribution channel for this new part of the software industry. And this the space we want to grab. So GetAppâs intention is to become the dominant distribution platform for the online business application industry.Letâs talk about the global market. What has made us successful in the last five years is two main things. The first one is customer service, we are extremely focused on making our clients happy. We never compromise on the quality of t he traffic we are sending to them, the quality of the leads that we are sending to them. And if our clients for some reason are unhappy, we are really on top of it to make sure that we understand why, and how we can fix it.The second scene is that from day one weâve been very clear that we wanted to turn this business into a profitable business as soon as possible. So weâve been very focused on selling and selling directly to the advertiser. I see a lot of young entrepreneurs who believe that theyâve got a great idea, and they put it on the web and expect people to come and buy. Usually it doesnât happen, especially in the B2B world, which is our world. You need to establish your very close relationship with your clients, and it means talking on the phone with them, meeting them on a regular basis, understanding their needs, really paying attention to them. And both my cofounder and I come from this culture of where youâre nurturing the relationship with the client. We jus t put it into practice and thatâs our main differentiator.Interviewer: What type of customers did you focus on first when you started this company?Christopher: Any one. We want more people to join our platform. But we started with the smaller or mid-sized business software developers, and as we gained credibility in the market we managed to break into the much larger players. You need to prove yourself before you can attract the big players in this world. And this is what we did. We still do our best to cater for smaller clients because theyâre at the beginning and they are the ones who gave us a chance to succeed. But, clearly, as we are running the business we also need to pay application to our bigger customers.Interviewer: In terms of market development and this kind of distributing of apps, what is roughly the global market size, maybe in the US where youâre mainly focused?Christopher: Yes, we focus today mostly in the North American market, which represents 2/3 of the gl obal market. And we went there from scratch. We never intended to start anywhere else but in the US, although we are based Barcelona, and today this represents 90% of our market. Just to give you an example, the next markets are UK, Germany, but each of them represents about 6% or 7% of the total market size. So itâs pretty obvious where we need to get started.Now weâre starting to branch out into new countries. Weâre French, so we picked France as our first date for expanding in new geographies. And weâre actually launching getapp.fr next month. So that gives you the size of the market. Today Software as a Service market, which is our core market, is about $40 billion dollar market. It depends on which analyst you talk to. In terms of marketing span in this industry, which is the market weâre going after, itâs currently about $2 billion dollars, and itâs increasing pretty rapidly.Interviewer: This $2 billion is only made for, letâs say, online marketing and mobile m arketing?Christopher: Yeah. Iâm only talking about online marketing. The percentage of sales and marketing cost for software business developers, online marketing span represents roughly between 15% and 20% of their total budget.Interviewer: As you said that you were branching into new countries like France, etc., did you buy the web domains in the first place and secured that, because I can imagine, for example, it is the same with us, we have some ideas where we want to go next maybe in two, three, four, five years, we donât know yet what we will do, so maybe we did not secure them right now.Christopher: We did a bit of that, but not as much as we should have done. The main reason is that we bootstrapped this company initially. So it was our own money and we were pretty careful in how to spend it. We bought a few country domain names, but not that many. Actually we let a very important one go because we just didnât renew it, which was really stupid, so we make mistakes. But we went into the market and bought as many important country domain names as we could, which has cost us quite a lot of money.Interviewer: Did you raise some external money after you bootstrapped?Christopher: Yes, in 2011 we raised one million dollar, which is one of the biggest VCs in Spain, theyâre a very efficient company and a profitable company now. Itâs been very useful to get this capital, but weâve really decided to grow and focus on the cash flow of the company to keep control and be independent from raising more money, although this is something we may have to do in order to ensure the growth to the level we believe we should be. So thatâs where we are.Interviewer: At the point when you raised this money, had you been profitable already and just wanted to fuel your growth, orâ¦?Christopher: No, at the time we were not, so they helped us making some important decisions that we would not have made only with bootstrapping. That was very useful. But now we are in a si tuation where we are profitable, and if we raise money itâs more for the growth and we do it in the right conditions for the good reasons.Interviewer: Christopher, we always try to teach some first-time entrepreneurs or people interested in entrepreneurship what not to do or what to focus on. Imaging your best friend calls you and says, âHey Christopher, Iâve got a great business ideaâ, what advice would you give them?Christopher: I think the main advice â" and itâs always difficult to say that to entrepreneurs, because to be an entrepreneur you need to be crazy, if youâre not itâs not real â" but they need also to be very realistic about their own capabilities. There are things we are good at and things we are not good at. Thatâs for me and thatâs for anybody. So my biggest advice would be go and talk to people who have been there, that have expertise, ask them to do some sanity checks at every step as an integral part of your business, and learn from others. As entrepreneurs we tend to be over-optimistic and believe that we know it all, and itâs not the case. So go out there, test your ideas with people who can tell you whether you are right or wrong or in the right direction, and at the end of the day you make up your mind on whether you want to listen to them or not. But at least take this piece of advice from people who maybe have more experience than you.Interviewer: Thank you very much Christopher.Christopher: Youâre welcome, thanks for coming. jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-73206629622968427362020-05-21T15:09:00.001-07:002020-05-21T15:09:03.027-07:00Buddhist Meditation Center On Buddhism - 1205 Words I took the opportunity to visit Karma Thegsum Choling Tibetan Buddhist Meditation Center (KTC), located at 1000 Armeda Ave, Irving, TX 75061. The meditation center had recently moved from their Dallas location to Irving. After going through the course material on Buddhism, it got me curious to learn more about the culture, experience live worship ritual, meditation, and architecture of the temple. To understand the religion and culture better, I requested a friend of mine to visit the temple along with me. Since he practices Buddhism and also is a Tibetan, he acted as a personal guide during my visit to the meditation center. With little knowledge about Buddhism, he helped me understand the meaning of different symbols, prayer flags,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦With two acres of land and two buildings, the meditation center provides peace and tranquility to all its members and for public visitors as well. The buildings are two story house structures with a big mural/painting of Buddha hung on the left-hand side. The vibrant painting of Buddha with blue, white, yellow, and red adds beauty to the house along with its symbolic meaning. With a big front yard, Lama Dudjom Dorjee, the senior Lama of the center holds his morning practices for his members and public attendees. Lama Dudhom Dorjee is the resident teacher at the center. The center holds classes on Buddhist philosophy which is under the guidance of the senior Lama Dorjee. The inside of the center is very aesthetic. With modern exterior, the center has managed to preserve the authenticity of the culture and the practices. There are multiple rooms in the center, which hold classes for children and adults. Filled with wooden cabinets with a different version of Buddhaââ¬â¢s statutes the center of the room has a four tire table where it sits a golden statue of Buddha along with prayer incense and flowers. There were bells and vajr as, Sand Mandala, and butter lamp place alongside Buddhaââ¬â¢s statue. Every single furniture inside the room consists of excellent details that reflect the culture and history of Buddhism. The wood works are an example of an excellent carpentry. I along with my friend was there jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-22999091240015083442020-05-06T23:28:00.001-07:002020-05-06T23:28:19.517-07:00Childhood Obesity A Public Health Issue Essay - 2551 Words Obesity rates in the United States are alarming, with more than one-third of U.S. adults and 17% of children qualifying as obese with a Body Mass Index greater than 30.0 (Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 2015). Even more frightening is the growth rate of this crippling health epidemic; between 1980 and 2014, obesity has doubled for adults and tripled for children (CDC, 2015). The physical consequences of rising obesity rates in our country include an abundance of physical ailments including type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, sleep apnea, arthritis, elevated cholesterol, and even some cancers. Additionally, obesity-related health care costs to our country are estimated at $147 billion annually, plus the costs of productivity lost atâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Federally-funded school meal programs, including the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and the School Breakfast Program (SBP), serve an average of 31.3 million lunches and 11.1 million breakfasts per day at a cost t o the country of $11.1 billion in 2011 (Food Nutrition Services, 2012). These federally-funded meals are an excellent opportunity for regulation of nutrition as well as education regarding healthy choices. Obesity is clearly a great threat to the health of our nation, and the federal government must step in to defend its citizens against this growing threat. Children are at the mercy of their families, their social conditions, and their schools, predisposing them to obesity through poor nutritional options and a lack of education; the federal government must intervene through regulation of school meals and snacks to protect children from the abundance of unhealthy options while also educating them and reducing childhood obesity. In 2010, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), which works with Food Nutrition Services to develop guidelines for the NSLP, proposed new regulations for school lunches in the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act (HHFKA). The rules included calorie guidelines according to age group and also outlined requirements for vegetable, fruit, protein, and starch components of the meals. While the USDA guidelines for meals wereShow MoreRelatedPublic Health Issue: Childhood Obesity3264 Words à |à 13 PagesPublic Health Issue Obesity is more than a cosmetic concern for Americans; it is a very serious health concern. 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The article selected for the research methodology was Childhood Obesity: A Global Public Health Crisis written by Sameera KarnikRead MoreThe Battle Against Obesity Is A Health Issue Of Great Importance1237 Words à |à 5 PagesFor community and public health nurses alike, the battle against obesity is a health issue of great importance. Obesity is shown to be directly responsible for many of the negative health issues we see today. It contributes to higher risk of having chronic disease and poor health (which will be explained). Obesity is a nationwide epidemic stretching across the whole human development spectrum: from childhood obesity, adolescent obesity and adult obesity. The prevalence of children being overweightRead Mo reApplying the Background and Methodology of the Research Process796 Words à |à 4 Pagesalso help to define the uniqueness of the study. The article addresses the problem of childhood obesity, which is a significant issue in health care. The prevalence of obesity during childhood is on the increase across various parts of the globe, especially in the United States. Childhood obesity is associated with multiple chronic health conditions, including premature death during adulthood. The childhood health problem is promoted by the modern environment, which encourages overeating of foods thatRead MoreU.s School Food Regulation For Public Schools Essay1543 Words à |à 7 PagesAmerican public schools have poor nutrition, and it causes obesity in teenagers. As a former student of the American public school systems, the condition of the food has been a problem for years. Over the past two decades, obesity has been an issue in the U.S, and it is due to poor school nutrition. The public schools lack a variation in the healthy meals they contain. Inadequate nutrition can lead to an abundance of health problems. Although spendin g money on food can be expensive, the government jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-73288843491178724492020-05-06T08:05:00.001-07:002020-05-06T08:05:31.210-07:00Surf Exel Free Essays string(80) " and Britannia who already had a strong rural focus, stepped up the gasfurther\." ? HINDUSTAN LEVER LIMITEDA Project Report On SURF EXCEL ? 2. TABLE OF CONTENTSâ⬠¢ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSâ⬠¢ INTRODUCTIONâ⬠¢ EXECUTIVE SUMMARYâ⬠¢ INDUSTRY ANALYSISâ⬠¢ COMPANY OVERVIEWâ⬠¢ FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSISâ⬠¢ MARKETING MIX OF ORISSAâ⬠¢ COMPETITORS ANALYSISâ⬠¢ PROJECT1: o OBJECTIVES o SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY o RESEARCH METHODOLOGY o DATA ANALYSIS à § CONSUMER ANALYSIS o CONCLUSIONSâ⬠¢ APPENDIX o CONSUMERââ¬â¢S QUESTIONNAIRE o DETAILED FSA ? 3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe project assigned to us was to study the business and marketing practice, competitorsin business and customers of Surf Excel, for Orissa market. We will write a custom essay sample on Surf Exel or any similar topic only for you Order Now For this a questionnaire wasprepared for the consumers. A sample of 53 consumers was surveyed. The respondentswere interviewed in market places across Bhubaneswar. After the analysis we came to the conclusion that the Surf Excel enjoys a space in the top2 positions in brand recall of the consumer. This is a positive sign for HLL. The researchalso shows that the market share of Surf Excel in Orissaââ¬â¢s detergent market isapproximately 66%. Also, from the survey it is evident that brand name, price andcleansing action are three of the most important attributes a consumer looks for in anydetergent brand. Surf Excel enjoys a good reputation with the consumers with respect toall these attributes. Another thing that we noted in this survey was that Television is the most usedinformation source for the consumer. The exact communication recall however, is verypoor among the consumer. This could be attributed to the ever increasing advertisementclutter, across all media. Thus, HLL should consider looking for other media likeoutdoors. It was also noted that over 50% of the consumers who used Surf Excel, would purchasepacks whose size was 1/2 ââ¬â 1 kg and did not prefer purchasing the 200gm pack. We triedto find out the reason as to why this practice occurred, but to no avail. HLL shouldconsider promoting this pack size in some way, or phase it out totally. Thus, we can conclude that Surf Excel enjoys excellent customer reviews. It gets specialrecognition for its superior cleansing action, the convenient packs it comes in, the ease it ? 4. is available with, and the fact that its price is at par with similar products available in themarket today. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1. The primary objective of the study was to understand the customers of Surf Excel ( type/ quality/ their decision making style/ source of information that they use for collecting information regarding Surf Excel) 2. The study was also aimed to understand the business and marketing practice of Surf Excel and the marketing mix used by HLL for Surf Excel. 3. Another important objective of the study was to understand the competitors of Surf Excel. 4. Efforts were also made to evaluate the financial strength and market capabilities of the parent firm, Hindustan Lever Limited. ? 5. INDIAN FMCG INDUSTRYBackgroundThe FMCG sector has been the cornerstone of the Indian economy. Though, the sector has been in existence for quite a long time, it began totake shape only during the last fifty-odd years. The sector touches everyaspect of human life, from looks to hygiene to palate. Perhaps, defining anindustry whose scope is so vast is not easy. Generally, FMCG refers to consumer non-durable goods required for dailyor frequent use. The sector touches every aspect of human life, from looksto hygiene to palate. Perhaps, defining an industry whose scope is so vastis not easy. The FMCG sector consists mainly of sub segments viz. personal care, oral care andhousehold products. This can be further sub-divided into oral care, soaps and detergents,Health and Hygiene products, beauty cosmetics, hair care products, food and dairy-basedproducts, cigarettes, and tea and beverages. Major Indian consumer product companies (like Britannia, PG, HLL, etc. ) have a verystrong presence through their strong brands. Diversified portfolios, wide distributionnetworks and scale economies of these companies deter new players from entering. Brand equity, therefore, is an extremely important factor in FMCG industry. One of theother most critical factors is the ability to build, develop, and maintain a robustdistribution networkPost-reforms, the industrys growth has been hinging around a burgeoning ruralpopulation which has witnessed significant rise in disposable incomes. Consequently, therural markets have been witnessing intense competition in almost all the consumerproduct classes. Another reason which has led to rise in this trend is the saturation inurban markets in most of the consumer non-durable goods categories. This has led to theindustry players scrambling for greater rural penetration as a future growth vehicle, thearea which accounts for 70% of the total Indian householdsSo far, it has been a chequered graph for the MNCs operating in the Indian FMCGindustry. Domestic companies are only beginning to make their presence felt in theindustry. It has taken tremendous consumer insight and market savviness for the FMCGplayers to reach where they are today. But, the journey seems to have just now begun forthe players as the majority of the rural populace are yet to get access to the items of dailyusage like toothpastes, soaps and shampoos. 6. Value for moneyEver since the global recession of 1991-94, which hit consumer spending hard, value-for-money has become the buzzword for FMCG companies globally. These FMCGcompanies embarked upon major restructuring and cost rationalization exercises asbusiness continued to become fiercely competitive. Several packaging innovations werealso resorted to. Ind ia was no different. There was a paradigm shift towards value-for-money products and, to some extent, towards the rural market. What Nirma did all these years suddenly became the buzzword for many FMCG players. Price cuts became inevitable to keep the market share from shrinking. Sometimes, thecuts touched ridiculous levels. Economic recession hit the urban pockets badly and forcedcompanies to train their guns on rural India, which was witnessing a major change in itsaspiration and lifestyles and even had an income that translated into increasing volumes. Indiaââ¬â¢s agrarian economy is fundamentally strong. Rural India accounts for as much as 70per cent of the nationââ¬â¢s population. That means rural India can bring in the much neededvolumes and help FMCG companies to log in volume-driven growth. Companies such asHLL, Colgate and Britannia who already had a strong rural focus, stepped up the gasfurther. You read "Surf Exel" in category "Papers" HLL unleashed its ââ¬Å"Operation Bharatâ⬠. Britannia pushed its Tiger biscuits toevery nook and corner of the country, while Colgate went about wooing the rural massesby offering low-priced products in convenient packaging. Those who could not do it ontheir own went piggyback on somebody else. PG, whose distribution is largely urban,chose to leverage Maricos retail reach. PG and Smith Kline Beecham, nonetheless, are interesting cases. With small productportfolios like theirs, they have been able to achieve what others could not and provedthat what you need is a good product, marketed effectively and sold at the right priceOf late, an interesting trend in the Indian FMCG sector has been brand acquisitions. Thisrepresents a growing awareness among the FMCG players are talking today more andmore of product ââ¬Å"fitsâ⬠while discussing brand acquisitions. It is not just acquiringanything and everything as it was in the pastRural marketing has become the latest marketing mantra of most FMCG majors. True,rural India is vast with unlimited opportunities. All waiting to be tapped by FMCGs. Notsurprising that the Indian FMCG sector is busy putting in place a parallel rural marketingstrategy. Among the FMCG majors, Hindustan Lever, Marico Industries, Colgate-Palmolive and Britannia Industries are only a few of the FMCG majors who have beengung-ho about rural marketing. With reason. Certainly, rural marketing holds the key to success of FMCG companies, which aredesperate to find ways out to gain deeper penetration. Not just the rural population isnumerically large, it is growing richer by the day. Of late, there has been a phenomenalimprovement in rural incomes and rural spending power. ? 7. FMCG sector performance in last decadeThe fmcg sector in India showed a constant decline in the last decade. What started as 20-25% growth rate in year 1994-96, had reached a negative growth rate of -2. 8% in Q1ââ¬â¢04. The FMCG sector is now mockingly called SMCG or slow moving consumer goods. ? 8. Source India Today ââ¬â R K Swamy BBDO Guide to Urban Markets*Soap, Shampoo, Nail Polish, Washing Powder, Footwear, Tea, Coffee, Cigarettes, Electric Bulbs. Rank Towns States Average Monthly Spending on FMCG Products* in Rs. 1 Chandigarh Chandigarh 3,418 2 Greater Maharashtra 2,955 Mumbai 3 Chennai Tamil Nadu 2,886 4 Ahmedabad Gujarat 2,869 5 Vadodara Gujarat 2,816 6 Pune Maharashtra 2,804 7 Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 2,684 8 Ludhiana Punjab 2,674 9 Faridabad Haryana 2,596 10 Hyderabad Andhra 2,533 Pradesh ? 9. The Fabric Care Market In IndiaDetergentsThe Indian fabric wash market consists of synthetic detergents (comprising bars, powderand liquids) and oil-based laundry soaps. The detergent powder market is furthersegmented based on price and form. It is characterised by brands from a plethora ofregional and local players competing with the national marketers primarily in the low-priced and mid-priced segmentsThe synthetic detergent market can be classified into premium (Surf, Ariel), mid-price(Rin, Wheel) and popular segments (Nirma), which account for 15%, 40% and 45% ofthe total market, respectively. The product category is fairly mature and is dominated bytwo players, HLL and Nirma. Nirma created a revolution in the market by pioneering theconcept of low-cost detergents. Currently, the market is highly segmented with thedifferential between the premium and popular segments at almost 7X. GrowthAlthough the per capita consumption of detergents in India (2. 7 kg pa) is comparable tosome countries like Indonesia, China and Thailand (around 2 kg pa), it is lower than inothers such as Malaysia, Philippines (3. 7 kg) and the USA (10 kg). High consumerawareness and penetration levels will enable the market to grow at an average 8-10% perannum with slightly higher growth in the rural areas. Higher penetration stems frompopularity of low-cost detergents. Hence, besides increase in per capita consumption,there is tremendous scope for movement up the value chain. Leading Fabricare Brands Available In IndiaSurf ExcelSurf comes from the stables of Hindustan Lever, the largest player in this market with anoffering at each price point. Surf was the first detergent powder brand to be launched in thecountry. It created the detergent powder category and introduced the concept of bucketwash to housewives hitherto used to washing clothes with laundry soap bars. Surf has, since,become generic to detergent market. Consumers refer to all their powders as Surf, evencompetitive powders are called Surf e. g. Nirma Surf ? 10. Selling over 60,000 tonnes per year, Surf is the market leader in the concentrate andpremium powder price segments Surf has always been the first to recognize and respond totrends. Whether it was through Surf with Easy Wash- a low lather variant, in 1994 or Surfwith Wash Boosters (1995) that provided best clean even in hard water. The brand SurfExcel now has three variants ââ¬â Surf Excel Quickwash, Surf Excel Blue and Surf ExcelAutomatic ââ¬â which address different laundry needs but each offers stain removal as the keybenefit. In 2003, recognising changing consumer purchase patterns, it once again redefined value forthe consumers by introducing the concept of monthly packs. Sensitive to the increasing concerns on environmental pollution and water scarcity problemsacross the country, it brought to the consumer Surf Excel Quickwash. This low lathervariant is the first eco-friendly detergent in the country, as it uses almost half the water otherdetergents require. Surf has innovated beyond the basic product into other aspects of laundry. Understandingthe need for easy-to-store packaging, tubs and jars were introduced. In order to helpconsumers dose correctly for the best possible clean, measuring scoops were built into thepacks. For convenience seekers, washing has been simplified with the ready to dose packs ofSurf Excel Automatic. Consistent innovation addressing ever-evolving consumer needs has earned the brand aplace in the hearts of consumers. Surf was rated in the top Ten Most Trusted brands in TheEconomic Times survey in 2003WheelWheel is Indias number one detergent brand. Launched in 1987, it cleans effectivelywith lesser effort, making a laborious chore like washing light and easy. Moreover,Wheel does not burn hands or harm clothes like some other detergents, which containa high percentage of soda. Ever since its relaunch in 2001, with the new positioning of best clean with less effort,Wheel has been growing strongly. Research showed that consumers seek a solution to heavyduty laundry, like bed sheets and curtains. Developing on this insight, wheel sought to ? 11. liminate the trouble of tough dirt or heavy-duty laundry. Mass market consumers havewelcomed the solution, making it the number one. Nirma ââ¬â a home-grown product that revolutionized the detergent market in India, andsuccessfully challenged large multinational leaders in the process. The Nirma success story isa result of its founder, Dr. Karsanbhai Patels relentless focus on quality, cost and value. Thedistribution model, sustained line extensions and umbrella branding strategies have enhancedthe brands cost leadership. Today, the companys two brands, Nirma and Nima, aredistributed through more thantwo million retail outlets across the country, generating grosssales in excess of Rs. 26,000 million. In the fabric care category, Nirma has three productsfor the lower-end market. The Nirma Yellow Washing Powder is available in pack sizes of30 gms, 200 gms, 500 gms and 1 kg, and is ranked as the largest selling single detergentbrand in the world. Nirma is one of the large st selling single detergent brands in the world. Nirma products aresold through two million retailers and reach 400 million. This brand had been ranked as the ââ¬Å"Most widely distributed detergent powder brand in Indiaâ⬠as per AllIndia Census of Retail Outlets carried out in 435 urban towns by the AIMS (Asian InformationMarketing Social) Research agency [Brand Equity ââ¬â The Economic Times, March 11, 1997]. As perthe ORG-MARG Rural Consumer Panel [December 1998] survey, Nirma brand has been ranked ashighest in terms of penetration in washing powder category [BT Rural Market Watch, Business Today, June22, 1999]. ? 12. World-over Ariel epitomizes ââ¬Ëstain removalââ¬â¢ and removes even the toughest stains in the firstwash. Introduced in India in 1991, Ariel has continuously led other detergents in productinnovation. For example, it pioneered the use of enzyme technology for superior and safestain-removing power, longer-lasting perfume, and the PG proprietary cleaningtechnology, which cleans everyday soil and dirt from garments. Over the years, the brand hasenjoyed endorsement from celebrities such as the former actress and now MP Shabana Azmiand lakhs of other homemakers in India. Tide is the Worldââ¬â¢s Oldest and Most Trusted Billion Dollar Detergent and is the marketleader in 23 Countries around the world. Tide provides outstanding whiteness on whiteclothes and provides excellent everyday cleaning for colored clothes too. Launched in Indiain mid-2000, the brand has gained popularity among Indian housewives, thanks to itssuperior whitening, creative advertising starring Shekhar Suman, and its Value-for-Moneyproposition. Both Tide and Ariel are billion dollar brands in sales for PG globally. Now Large Packs of Tide and Ariel ââ¬â Worldââ¬â¢s Best Detergents at Rs. 3/- and Rs. 50/- only Mumbai, India ââ¬â March 02, 2004 ââ¬â Procter Gamble today announced that it has reduced the prices of Ariel and Tide bags (large packs) by 20-50%, while maintaining the superior quality. The superior quality ? kg pack of Tide now cleans a familyââ¬â¢s one-month laundry in just Rs. 23/-, while a ? kg pack of Ariel cleans a familyââ¬â¢s one-month laundr y in just Rs. 50/-. This significant price reduction will now allow many more Indian consumers to experience the world-class experience of outstanding whiteness from Tide and superior stain-removal from Ariel in every wash. The new prices of Ariel and Tide are as follows: ? 13. Old Price New Price Old Price New Price Pack Size PGs move to slash Ariel Ariel Tide Tide detergent prices is 200gm Rs. 30 Rs. 22 Rs. 20 Rs. 10 ostensibly to get more consumers to 500gm Rs. 70 Rs. 50 Rs. 43 Rs. 23 experience its brands 1kg Rs. 135 Rs. 99 Rs. 85 Rs. 46 but the industry sees it primarily as a 1. 5kg Rs. 180 Rs. 145 N. A* N. A move to wrest the advantage from HLL 2kg N. A N. A Rs. 160 Rs. 88 in a sluggish market. The prices of sachets (20gm) of Ariel and Tide remain unchanged. N. A = Not Available in that size. Six months ago, PG reduced the prices of Ariel and Tide sachets by 50% in order toencourage a larger number of consumers to experience their superior quality. The bettervalue offer on sachets received such an overwhelming, positive response from consumersacross India that PG was encouraged to offer the irresistible value to Ariel and Tide bagusers as well, thereby make the worldââ¬â¢s best detergents acces sible to a larger number ofIndian consumers. PG talked to over 3,000 consumers across the length and breadth of India and observedover 25,000 washing sessions in consumersââ¬â¢ homes. Consumers believed in the superiorquality of Ariel and Tide but indicated ââ¬Ëpricingââ¬â¢ as a constraint in using Ariel and Tide on aregular basis. The drop in prices by the PG has forced HLL to also react in a similar way thus shrinkingthe overall profit margins for the group. While the immediate impact of any price slash isbound to result in more volumes and thereby shares for the companies concerned,improving margins in the business remains doubtful. 14. Company OverviewHindustan Lever Limited (HLL) is Indias largest fast moving consumer goodscompany, with leadership in Home Personal Care Products and Foods Beverages. HLLs brands, spread across 20 distinct consumer categories, touch the lives of two out of 1888 Sunlight soapthree Indians. They endow the company with a scale of combined volumes of about 4 introduced inmillion tonnes and sales of Rs. 10,000 crores. India. The leading business magazine, Forbes Global, has rated Hindustan Lever as the bestconsumer household products company. Far Eastern Economic Review has rated HLL asIndiaââ¬â¢s most respected company. Asiamoney has rated HLL as one of Indiaââ¬â¢s best managedcompanies. Leading national publications, like The Economic Times, Business World, and 1895Business Today have also rated HLL as one of Indiaââ¬â¢s most respected companies and the Lifebuoy soapnumber one in Market Value Added and EVA. launchedHLL is Indias largest marketer of Soaps, Detergents and Home Care products. It has thecountryââ¬â¢s largest Personal Products business, leading in Shampoos, Skin Care Products,Colour Cosmetics and Deodorants. HLL is also the market leader in Tea, ProcessedCoffee, branded Wheat Flour, Tomato Products, and Ice cream, Soups, Jams and 1902Squashes. Pears soap introduced inHLL is also one of the countrys biggest exporters and has been recognized as a Golden IndiaSuper Star Trading House by the Government of India; it is a net foreign exchange earner. HLL is Indias largest exporter of branded fast moving consumer goods. The companysExports portfolio includes HLLs brands of Soaps and Detergents, Personal Products,Home Care Products, Tea and Coffee. HLL is also driving exports in chosen areas whereIndia has a competitive advantage ââ¬â Marine Products, Basmati Rice, Castor Oil and its 1903 Brooke BondDerivatives. It is Indias largest exporter of Marine products, and one of the largest global Red Label teaplayers in castor. launched. Market leading brandsHLLââ¬â¢s brands have become household names. The companyââ¬â¢s strategy is to concentrate itsresources on 35 national power brands, and 10 other brands which are strong in certain 1905regions. The top five brands together account for sales of over Rs. 3000 crores. Each of Lux flakesthese mega brands has a potential scale of Rs. 1000 crores in the foreseeable future. introducedSome of the big brands in Soaps and Detergents are Lifebuoy, Lux, Liril, Hamam,,Pears,Rexona Dove, (all soaps), Surf Excel, Surf, Rin, Wheel (all detergents). HLLalso markets the Vim and Domex range of Home Care Products. 1913In the Personal Products business, HLLs Hair Care franchises are Clinic, Sunsilk and Lux Vim scouringshampoos. In Oral Care, the portfolio comprises Close-up and Pepsodent toothpastes and powdertoothbrushes. In Skin Care, HLL markets Fair Lovely Skin Cream and Lotion, the introduced. largest selling Skin Care Product in India; a brand developed in India, it is now exported toover 30 countries. It has been extended as an Ayurvedic cream, an under-eye cream, soap ? 15. and talc, in line with the strategy to take brands across relevant categories. The other majorSkin Carefranchises are Pondââ¬â¢s, Vaseline, Lakme and Pears. In Colour Cosmetics, HLLmarkets the Lakme and Elle-18 ranges. In Deodorants, the key brands are Rexona, Axe, 1930Denim and Ponds, while the Talc brands are Ponds, Liril, Fair Lovely, Vaseline and Unilever isLifebuoy. Axe and Denim are HLLââ¬â¢s franchises for Menââ¬â¢s toiletries. formed on January 1HLL has recently launched Lever Ayush Ayurvedic Health Personal Care Products. Health Care is among the new businesses HLL has chosen to enter. The product rangecomprises Cough Naashak Syrup, Headache Naashak Roll-on, Dandruff NaashakShampoo, Hair Rakshak Oil and Body Rakshak Soap. The purity of the Ayurvedic 1931ingredients in Lever Ayush is endorsed by the renowned Arya Vaidya Pharmacy (AVP) of HindustanCoimbatore. It is for the first time that rigorous testing procedures of the pharmaceutical Vanaspatiindustry have been applied to Ayurvedic products. That is why the brand seal is ââ¬ËTruth of ManufacturingAyurveda; Proof of Scienceââ¬â¢. Company registered on November 27HLL has started franchised Lakme Beauty Salons, offering standardised services, in linewith the strategy to add a service dimension to relevant brands. The company has set up the Hindustan Lever Network, a direct selling channel, offering 1932the Lever Home range of Laundry and Home Care products and the Aviance Personal Vanaspati manufactureCare range. starts at SewriThe company has also begun an e-tailing service, called Sangam, which can home-deliveron order by phone or through the Net, a diverse range of about 5000 branded andunbranded products. The service is now available in select areas of Mumbai and NaviMumbai, besides Thane. 1939HLL is one of the worldââ¬â¢s largest packet Tea marketers. Its Tea brands ââ¬â Taj Mahal, Red Garden ReachLabel, Taaza, ââ¬â are among the top brands in the country; it also markets Lipton Ice Tea. Factory purchasedHLL and Pepsi have formed an alliance to distribute a full range of tea and coffee and soft outrightbeverages through vending machines; HLL already has a base of around 15000 suchmachines. The coffee business comprises Bru Instant Coffee and Deluxe Green LabelRoast Ground Coffee. The Kissan and Knorr Foods range comprises Spreads Jams, Biscuit Sticks, Soups, 1943 Personal ProductsSquashes, Tomato Ketchup, Sauces, Puree, and Cooking Aids. Popular Foods, like Wheat manufactureFlour and Iodized Edible Salt, under the Knorr Annapurna brand name, have met with begins in India atremarkable success. The range has been expanded with ready-to-eat 10-second chapatis. Garden ReachThe innovative offerings are changing consumer habits into using processed, hygienic, Factoryhealthy and convenient products. The Kwality-Walls Ice Cream range comprises exotic Sundaes, Viennetta Desserts,popular ââ¬ËImpulseââ¬â¢ segment products like Max, Cornetto and Feast, and Cornetto Ripple 1947Softies. Ponds Cold Cream launched. Max was extended in 2001 as sugar confectioneries, because children are a key consumersegment in confectioneries too. This is among the new businesses HLL has chosen toenter. ? 16. HLL has acquired Modern Food Industries (India) Limited, entering the bread market. Modern Foods was the first Public Sector Undertaking to be disinvested. Besides 1959 Surf launched. upgrading the existing Modern products, HLL has launched new products, among thembiscuits. HLL is liberating its brands from their existing category mindset. Historically, brandsoriginated and stayed within a category format. HLL sees its Power Brands as being able tooccupy a unique position in the consumers mind and therefore being able to stretch intoother product formats and categories. All such initiatives have had a promising start, and 1964there are more to come. Etah dairy set up, Anik ghee launched; Animal feeds plant atThe Distribution network Ghaziabad; Sunsilk shampooHLLââ¬â¢s distribution network is recognised as one of its key strengths ââ¬â that which helps launched. each out its products across the length and breadth of this vast country. The need for astrong distribution network is imperative, since HLLââ¬â¢s corporate purpose is ââ¬Å"to meet theeveryday needs of people everywhere. â⬠HLLs products, manufactured across the country, the operations involve over 2,000 1969 Rin bar launchedsuppliers and associates. HLLs distribution network, comprising about 7,000redistribution stockiest about one million retai l outlets, directly covers the entire urbanpopulation, and about 250 million rural consumers. In addition to the ongoing commitment to the traditional grocery trade, HLL is building aspecial relationship with the small but fast emerging modern trade. HLLs scale enables itto provide superior customer service including daily servicing, improving their rangeavailability whilst reducing inventories. HLL is using the opportunity of interfacing more 1975 Close-updirectly with consumers in this retail environment through specially designed toothpastecommunication and promotions. This is building traffic into the stores while yielding high launched.. growth for the business. An IT-powered system has been implemented to supply stocks to redistribution stockistson a continuous replenishment basis. The objective is to catalyse HLLââ¬â¢s growth by 1978ensuring that the right product is available at the right place in right quantities, in the most Fair Lovely skin creamcost-effective manner. For this, stockists have been connected with the company through launched.. an Internet-based network, called RSNet, for online interaction on orders, dispatches,information sharing and monitoring. RS Net covers about 80% of the companys turnover. 930 Unilever is formed onHLLs foray into Network Marketing January 1 1988 Launch ofAs per the market surveys conducted it is expected that the consumer market in India is Lipton Taazaworth 13000 crores per year and in few years the network market will capture 500 crores as tea. per market surveys, considering the potential Hindustan Lever has launched HindustanLever Network (HLN), a unique Network Marketing opportunity . ? 1 7. 1991The Network marketing concept Surf Ultra detergent launched. In the normal marketing system, the manufacturer supplies the products through themiddle men such as brokers, wholesalers and retailers. These middle-men add theirestablishment costs and their own margin of profit or commission on the price. Thisincreases the price by approximately 45 per cent. The consumer therefore gets the productat atleast a 45 per cent markup from the manufacturers price. 1993 Tata Oil Mills CompanyIn network marketing, these middle men are eliminated. A person is invited to join and (TOMCO),become a member (also called Consultant) of the network marketing company. This merges with theperson in turn invites many more people to join under him to form a group. These group companymembers, in turn invite their acquaintance to join under them. This group is made tosteadily grow and it can grow into thousands or tens of thousands, in the course of time,depending upon the enthusiasm with which the Consultant pursue the sponsorship of newConsultants. 1994 HLL introducesThese Consultants make purchases of the products of the marketing company for self use Walls. and also for sale to other consumers. For their loyalty in regularly purchasing the products,the marketing co. gives discounts, handsome bonuses, rewards and special incentives. Each consultant in the group gets his shares of benefits depending upon the purchasesmade by him and also by the number of the consultant under him (called downlines). This 1995is called network marketing. HLL enters brandedThe growth in the beginning will be slow, from 1 to 2 to 4â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. but later on it will be rapid, staples1000 to 2000 to 4000â⬠¦.. and so on. Given below are the approx. benefits received, business with saltdepending upon your group strength and on the assumption that each consultant haspurchased goods worth Rs 1,000/- in the month. The benefits will be more for higherpurchases and bigger groups. Group Strength Benefits: 1996 HLL introduces253Nos(1+12+60+180) Rs17,938/- branded atta; Surf Excel launched1531Nos(1+18+216+1296) Rs64,558/-3061Nos(1+36+432+2592) Rs 1,28,818/- 2002 HLL enters Ayurvedic health beauty centre. ? 18. Shakti-Hll Rural ProjectShakti is HLLs rural initiative, which targets smallvillages with population of less than 2000 people or less. It seeks to empower underprivileged rural women byproviding income-generating opportunities, health andhygiene education through the Shakti Vani programme,and creating access to relevant information through theiShakti community portal. Started in 2001, Shakti has already been extended to about50,000 villages in 12 states ââ¬â Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Chattisgarh, UttarPradesh, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and WestBengal. The respective state governments and several Project Shakti ââ¬â By using self-helpNGOs are actively involved in the initiative. Shakti already groups, HLL has pushed its productshas about 13,000 women entrepreneurs in its fold. A typical down into the country. Into villagesShakti entrepreneur earns a sustainable income of about where people cannot spend more thanRs. 00 -Rs. 1,000 per month, which is double their average Rs 20-25 on FMCGs in a monthhousehold income. Project Shakti will expand the distribution cover bottom-up, the rural project will be top-down. Thiswill be a huge competitive advantage for Lever. The costs of expanding into these villages will betoo high for most companies, which do not have a portfolio spanning teas to deterge nts,In recent past Hindustan lever took some major decisions to remodel its business. These decisionshad major impact on the how distribution of lever products is managed in the market. Hindustan lever took the decision to simplify the company it merged all the different business unitsinto two large divisions: home and personal care (HPC) and foods and beverages (FB). This gaveeach division ââ¬Å"The advantage is that these divisions get us enormous scale,â⬠The companydecided to whittle its brands down from 110 to 35, over the next three years. This is known asHLLââ¬â¢s Power Brand strategy. To identify these power brands, managers were asked to consider their growth potential, profitdelivery and the size of the opportunity. And to ensure that Lever would not lose sales, it wasdecided to migrate these brand users to the designated power brands. For one, the drastic slimmingdown of the brand portfolio which threw up huge problems in execution is now over. HLL is already combining its scale advantage to offer retailers a bigger basket of products and betterservice. Instead of different sales teams servicing the same retailer, the company has integrated bothHPC and Foods portfolios for modern trade chains like Margin Free. Once again, its large portfolio ? 19. ange helps Lever to use the power of customer relationships to corner greater shelf space and adisproportionately higher share of the branded segment. Modern trade, it reckons, is already growing at 15-20 per cent and will continue that way for a longtime. By bulking up the businesses, it is possible for Lever to service these modern trade outlets on adaily business. As a result, these retailers do not have to maintain high inventory levels. HINDUSTAN LEVER LIMITED ââ¬â BOARD OF DIRECTORSMr. Harish Manwani Non Executive chairmanMr. M. K. Sharma Vice ChairmanMr. Arun Adhikari Managing Director (Home Personal Care)Mr. S. Ravindranathan Managing Director (Foods)Mr. D. Sundaram Finance IT DirectorMr. A. Narayan DirectorMr. V. Narayan DirectorMr. D. S. Parekh DirectorMr. C. K. Prahlad Director ? 20. The CompetitorsThe Indian FMCG markets have witnessed some of the classic struggles involving HLL. Sofar Levers have been able to stand their ground but times are changing. HLLââ¬â¢s response tothe latest challenges is being eagerly studied by the corporate India. In order to gain afoothold in Indian FMCG sector various domestic and MNC companies are using all kind ofschemes to woo customer from HLL. The major competitors of HLL are:Detergents: PG, Nirma, Henkel SpicToothpaste: Colgate-PalmoliveBeverages: Rasna, Coca-Cola (Sun fill)Tea: Tata teaCoffee: NestleIce-creams: AmulShampoo: PG, Garnier Procter GamblePG Home Products Limited is a 100% subsidiary of The Procter Gamble Company,USA. PG Home Products Limited is one of Indias fastest growing Fast Moving ConsumerGoods Companies that has in its portfolio PGs global brands such as Ariel and Tide in theFabric Care segment, and in the Hair Care segment: Head Shoulders ââ¬â worlds largestselling anti-dandruff shampoo; Pantene ââ¬â worlds No. beauty shampoo; and Rejoice ââ¬â AsiasNo. 1 shampoo. Fabric CareProcter Gamble has two of its world-leading detergents ââ¬â Tide and Ariel, in India to caterto the main concerns of the Indian households. In India PG has launched followingbrands: â⬠¢ Ariel Front-O-Mat Ariel 2 Fragrances â⬠¢ Tide Detergent â⬠¢ Tide BarHair CareIn India, PGââ¬â¢s beauty care busin ess comprises of Pantene, the worldââ¬â¢slargest selling shampoo, Head Shoulders, the worldââ¬â¢s No. 1 Anti-dandruffshampoo and Rejoice ââ¬â Asiaââ¬â¢s No. 1 Shampoo. â⬠¢ Pantene Pro V â⬠¢ Head Shoulders â⬠¢ Rejoice ? 1. Baby Care â⬠¢ PampersIn India, PG will continue to be a midget, in turnover terms, when compared to HindustanLever. The two PG subsidiaries in India (PG Hygiene and PG Home Products) todaygenerate a combined turnover of about Rs 1,100 crore, just a tenth of Hindustan Leverssales. PGs distribution network is largely urban and has a reach of 0. 4 m outlets. In 1994, Godrej entered into a strategic alliance with PG for inter alia toilet soap business,under which Godrej used to manufacture soaps, which were marketed by a joint venturecompany. However post marketing alliance with PG, the company lost significant part ofits market share and subsequently the arrangement was discontinued. Godrejââ¬â¢s entiredistribution network was then taken over by PG. THE Procter Gamble -Gillette deal could result in the former getting a significant boostboth to its scale of operations and range of products in the Indian market. That Gillettesportfolio of shaving razors, gels, grooming products and toothbrushes has no overlap withthat of PG in India (shampoos, detergents, feminine hygiene, cold medication) is apositive. The addition of Gillettes businesses could help PG expand its portfolio andacquire a more extensive distribution network; This may strengthen PGs hand in theongoing war for market share with Unilever arms in the Asian markets, particularly withHindustan Lever in India. NirmaNirma is one of the few names ââ¬â which is instantly recognized as a true Indian brand, whichtook on mighty multinationals and rewrote the marketing rules to win the heart of princess,i. e. the consumer. It was way back in ââ¬Ë60s and ââ¬Ë70s, where the domestic detergent market had only premiumsegment, with very few players and was dominated by MNCs. It was 1969, when KarsanbhaiPatel started door-to-door selling of his detergent powder, priced at an astonishing Rs. 3 perkg, when the available cheapest brand in the market was Rs. 13 per kg. In a short span,Nirma created an entirely new market segment in domestic marketplace, which is, eventuallythe largest consumer pocketand quickly emerged as dominating market player. Now, the year 2004 sees Nirmaââ¬â¢s annualsales touch 800,000 tones, making it one of the largest volume sales with a single brandname in the world. Looking at the FMCG synergies, Nirma stepped into toilet soapsrelatively late in 1990 butthis did not deter it to achieve a volume of 100,000 per annum. This makes Nirma thelargest detergent and the second largest toilet soap brand in India with market share of 38%and 20% respectively. SoapsIn 1992, sensing a strong need to expand the market through PenetrativePricing, Nirma entered this market with the launch of ââ¬ËNirma Bath Soapââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ËNirma Beauty Soapââ¬â¢ . In 1998 Nirma expanded its product line in the soap ? 22. ategory by introducing ââ¬ËNirma Lime Freshââ¬â¢ ââ¬ËNirma Roseââ¬â¢. This brand had carved a nichein its segment by achieving leadership position just within two months of its launch. It isavailable in 100g and 150g pack sizes. Nirma entered the premium soap segment when itlaunched ââ¬ËNirma Sandalââ¬â¢DetergentsNirma launched ââ¬Å"Nirma Washing Powderâ⬠in Indian market in year 1969, This productwas priced at almost one third to that of the competitor brands, resulting into instant trial bythe consumers. Presently Nirma has different variants in Indian market. Nirma washing powderNirma superNirma popularEdible SaltNirma has also entered the Food market in the recent past with launch of Nirma Shudh. ? 23. FINANCIAL ANALYSISRatio Analysis ? 24. All figures in Rs cr Particulars Dec 2001 Dec 2002 Dec 2003 Dec 2004 Sales 12420. 71 10641. 15 11919. 04 11594. 65 Total assets 7089. 06 7761. 01 8104. 68 7820. 34 Net worth 3170. 86 3713. 91 2189. 22 2148. 67 Borrowings 102. 55 86. 23 1715. 18 1604. 25 Capital Employed 3273. 41 3800 3904 3752 Debtors 1254. 38 1169. 49 1228. 55 793. 56 PAT 1576. 47 1757. 59 1687. 3 1208. 4 PBDIT 2211. 63 2461. 31 2462. 92 1875. 63 Depreciation 202. 63 192. 65 199. 99 195. 68 PBIT 2009 2269 2262. 9 1680Current liabilities Provisions 3709. 17 3841. 92 4084. 71 3919. 71 Current assets 3505 3510 3610 3132 Current assets -Inventories 2201 2146 2120 1574 Long term Debt 102. 55 86. 23 1715. 18 1604. 25 Interest 12. 31 12. 86 69. 12 136. 25 Total Purchases 6077. 97 5389. 04 5438 5413. 77 Profitability Ratios Operating Profit Margin (%) 16. 17 21. 30 19 14. 5 Net Profit Margin Ratio (%) 12. 68 16. 51 14. 15 10. 42 ROTA (%) 28. 3 29. 23 27. 92 21. 5 ROCE 61. 37 59. 72 58 44. 77 Return on Equity (%) 49. 71 47. 3 77 56. 23 Liquidity Ratios Current ratio 0. 944 0. 91 0. 88 0. 79 Quick Ratio 0. 59 0. 55 0. 52 0. 40 Absolute Cash Ratio 0. 25 0. 254 0. 218 0. 20 Solvency Ratios Debt Equity Ratio . 032 0. 023 0. 78 0. 75 Interest Coverage Ratio 163. 2 176 32. 74 12. 33 Efficiency Ratios Debtor Days 38. 85 40. 11 37. 62 25 Creditor days 135. 31 149. 2 131. 62 145. 23 Total assets turnover ratio 1. 75 1. 37 1. 47 1. 48 ? 25. Interpretation: â⬠¢ Profitability Ratios:HLL earns 14. paisa on every Re. 1 of Sale before Interest and Taxes It ultimately makes 10. 42paisa on every Re. 1 of Sale after Interest and Taxes. It is visible that Hindustan Lever Ltd. has not been able to increase its Operating Profit marginconstantly over the years. We can see that the operating margin has decreased considerable in thelast y ear. This is mainly due to the fact that the interest cost of HLL has almost doubled from 69. 12crores to 136. 25 crores. Moreover the companyââ¬â¢s operating expenses have increased by almost 75% in the year 2004. The efficiency has certainly decreased over the last few years mainly owing tohigh operating expenses , increased interest burden and high indirect taxes. The Net Profit Marginhas also decreased by 17. 8 % in 2004 as compared to 2001. This is mainly due to the decrease insales by Rs. 826 cr. HLL generates 21. 5% Return on Total Assets (ROTA) that it employs in its operations in theyear ended 2004. ROTA has decreased in the last year mainly due to the fact that its profit marginhas decreased. It could be ecause of high competition as a result of which profits have decreasedand the total assets of the company have increased. As we can see that the Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) for Hindustan lever Limited hasdecreased considerably during the last year mainly due to lower profit margins. The company isearning a return of 44. 77% on the funds employed by it. Though the ROCE has seen aconsiderable change, even now the company is getting good enough returns and can pay goodenough divide nds to the shareholders as we saw the case in the year 2004 where the rate ofdividend was 250%. The Return on Equity Ratio (ROE) states how much profit a company earned in comparisonto total amount of shareholders equity on the balance sheet of the company. Here, we see that theROE of HLL has increased in comparison to the year 2001 but this cant be concluded as afavourable situation for the company as looking at the figures in detail we can notice that there hasbeen a near to 30% decrease in ROE in comparison to the year 2003 , also we do see that the PATof the company has fallen by about 23% and the shareholders equity has also decreased by 32% incomparison to the year 2004. But Even now an ROE of about 56. 3% is considered to be verygood. â⬠¢ Liquidity Ratios:It can be seen from the above table that the Current Ratio for all the years is less than 1. Thissignifies that HLL has short term liabilities greater than the short term assets. It implies that thecompany would have problems in managing its short term liabilities and liquidity requirements. The company might have t o resort to financing its short term liquidity requirements by long termsources of finance. We can observe that the current assets have decreased by 13 % and at the same time the currentliabilities have decreased by just 4 % in the last year. The reason is that since the company is ? 26. using long term sources of finance to fund its short term obligations therefore the interest burdenhas increased and as a result the cash balance has decreased . Other receivables have also decreasedby more than 66% leading to a fall in current assets. â⬠¢ Solvency Ratios:The company was highly unleveraged in the years 2001 and 2002. It was risky as the company hadinvested a huge amount of its own funds as compared to debt. However in the last 2 years thecompany has changed its policy and is leveraging the advantage of debt along with equity. Thoughthe debt equity ratio of 0. 75 is not good enough as compared to industry norms of 2:1 but thecompany is moving towards a favourable debt equity mix. It has realized the importance of tradingon equity . The Company has increased its debt burden by 1470% in the last 4 yearsInterest Coverage Ratio(ICR) basically signifies the ability of a firm to service its interest burdenthrough the profits generated . In the initial years when the firm had not employed debt its interestburden was very low. As a result the Interest Coverage ratio is very high, gradually the companyhas employed more debt and as a result of which the interest burden has increased significantly. Moreover, due to high competition and operating inefficiency the earnings of the company havedeclined. As a result the ICR has reduced from 163. 2 to 12. 33 in the last 4 years. However an ICRof 12. 33 is still very impressive which reflects the companyââ¬â¢s ability to pay interests on loanseasily. This is a good indicator to the various financial institutions providing long term sources offinance to HLL. Efficiency Ratios:Here, we see that the Debtors Days for the company is less than the Creditor Days of thecompany. From this we can interpret that the company has a favorable cash position as it is makingits payments long after receiving the dues from the debtors. Here, from the Asset Turnover Ratiowe can know how efficiently the firm is using its assets, the ratio for which is pretty low for thecompany. The C reditor Days as well as Debtor Days both show negative growth which reflectsnegatively on the companyââ¬â¢s financials. The Asset Turnover Ratio also shows negative growthwhich is also not a good sign for the company. Thus, looking into these figures we can analyze thatthe efficiency level of the company has gone down vis-a-vis the previous years and hence thecompany needs to look urgently into these matters so as to improve the efficiency of the company. O DU-PONT RATIO ANALYSIS:The Du Pont ratio analysis is a combination of financial ratios in a series in order to assess theinvestment returns of the company. It combines the financial ratios of both the Income Statementas well as the Balance Sheet in order to assess either the Return on Equity or the Return onInvestment. One of the Plus points of this method is that it provides a clear understanding of howthe company generates its return. This analysis provides an insight into the importance of assetturnover as well as sales to overall return. This formula shows the relationship of profit margin andturnover how these two complement each other. ? 27. The Du Pont ratio divides the Return on equity into three parts: Net Profit Margin, total assetturnover, and the companyââ¬â¢s use of leverage referred to as Equity Multiplier also. DU-PONT CHART FOR HLL FOR THE YEAR 2004 RETURN ON EQUITY =PAT/NETWORTH 56. 3% Equity NET PROFIT TOTAL ASSET Multiplier MARGIN TURNOVER =TA/NW =PAT/NETSALES =SALES/TA =10. 42% =1. 48 =3. 64% RETURN ON ASSETS ROA=PAT/TA =15. 44%Growth Trends Over The Years Particulars Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 ? 28. Sales 12420. 71 10641. 15 11919. 04 11594. 65Expenditure 10627 8690 9941 10076Change InSales (%) ââ¬â -14. 33 12 -2. 7Change InExpenditure(%) ââ¬â -18. 22 14. 39 1. 35Ch ange inPBIT (%) ââ¬â 12. 94 -0. 26 -25. 75Change inPAT (%) ââ¬â 11. 48 -3. 99 -28. 38Change inBorrowings(%) ââ¬â -15. 91 1889 6. 46Change InInterest (%) ââ¬â 4. 46 437. 48 97. 12 ? 29. COMMON MARKETING MIX FOR ALL MARKETS 1. Product consists of brand, quality, appearance, 2. Price Structure consists of prices, dealers and consumers discounts. 3. Promotional activities consist of advertising, media. 4. Placement (distribution) system consists of dealers, distributors, retailers and overall logistics. MARKETING MIX FOR RURAL MARKET 1. Product 2. Price 3. Promotion 4. Placement system 5. Packaging-Reason for putting it separately is because symbols and packaging becomes very important when literacy levels are very low. 6. Retailer is the one who gives all information about brand choice and consumer feedback. 7. Education is very important for rural sector-eg. Project Shakti 8. Empowerment Example-Project Shakti and Self Help Groups. PRODUCTSurf derives its name from ââ¬ËSurfactantââ¬â¢ the basic ingredient of a detergent. After 44 years, Surf brand has been upgraded and made more modern and contemporary. Surf has changed ââ¬â the entire brand is now called ââ¬Å"Surf Excelâ⬠. Continuousimprovements in the formulation of the product and introduction of new ingredients e. g. enzymes, along with new perfumes have ensured that the product meets the evolvingconsumer needs. The brand Surf Excel now has three variants ââ¬â Surf Excel Quickwash, ? 0. Surf Excel Blue and Surf Excel Automatic ââ¬â which address different laundry needs buteach offers stain removal as the key benefit. Surf Excel Blue Target segment: Economic segment. Attributes:-Removes stains without fading colours. Sizes avalaible: 25gm, 200gm, 500gm, 750gm, 1. 5kg, 3kgSurf Excel Quickwash (also called as Surf Excel Easy wash)(Hitherto known as just Surf Excel) Target segment: Superior quality for washing machine users. Sizes available:- 20gm, 20gm, 500gm, 1kg, 1. 5kg Attributes:-Stain removalSurf Excel Automatic Target segment:-Washing machine owners ââ¬âTop and front loading machines . Sizes available:- 600gm, 1kg Attributes: Low lather detergent, anti corrosive, stain removal, ensures longer life of fabric. PRICELatest price war between detergent majors, Hindustan Lever (HLL), Proctor and GambleIndia (PG), Nirma and Henkel-Spic India (HSIL) has proved that price in the marketingmix is very critical for growth of HLL products. If Surf excel prices were reduced to match the price cuts of their competitor (PG),simultaneously they had to ramp up spending on advertising and promotions to increaseconsumption and penetration in the market and retain values of premium brand ? 1. PROMOTIONSSurf communication has been pleasant, soothing and gentle, Surf Excel has had adistinctively bold ââ¬Ëtongue in cheekââ¬â¢ style of communication. Promotions for Surf Excelare more often than not tactical weapons. Gift is offered to the consumer to gain short-term patronage or to engineer enhanced consumption. Choice of various promotionalgifts is usually governed by what can be bo ught cheap rather than any brand-relatedfactors. Surf Excel has always been sensitive enough to recognise the change in the consumerchoice dynamics. In some of their promotions, they have pampered influencersconsidering that brand choice in family products is a collective exercise. Various promotions being used for Surf are: â⬠¢ Scholarship offer ââ¬âRs five lakh scholarship. Extremely rare and intelligent use of the marketing budget. Beauty of this promotion is in its design. An innovative and clever way of underscoringthe core promise of Surf Excel ââ¬â stain removal!! Visual depiction in the ad is student-focussed ââ¬â there are no mothers or daughters to be seen in the ad. Most of the people inthe ad are in their teens. The protagonist himself is barely in his teens. This can be anindication towards changing consumer algorithm. This was backed by Win with Stains campaign ââ¬â one of the largest campaigns taken upby Surf excel. This promotion is happening in Orissa markets which is aimed at offering consumers achance to win prizes as well as give students an opportunity to pursue further studies. Theaim of the whole campaign is to drive home the point that stains are good in life and oneis not to be scared to get themselves dirty. They are not only doing road shows,advertisements but branded horoscope columns in keeping with the theme of luck andfortune. They have roped in former South African cricketer Jonty Rhodes to participate in theWin with stains washathon to wash the largest stain in town with kids of the NGO -Magic Bus â⬠¢ 1 bucket free with 3kg of Surf Excel has really managed to increase sales revenue of Surf excel. This is the most successful consumer promotion till date in Orissa market. â⬠¢ Surf KidStains ââ¬â a roadshow that invites consumers to get first-hand experience of using Surf. Surf has taken communication beyond mass media advertising and involved consumersin the brandââ¬â¢s promise in the real world. It has touched consumerââ¬â¢s life through schoolcontact and in-store programmes. Road shows have helped to go to the consumers anddemonstrate superior performance vis-a-vis competition. ? 32. PLACEMENT SYSTEMIn Orissa, HLL has around 100 dealers and distributors. But HLL is into the exercise ofreducing number of channels in Orissa by increasing territory size of each dealer. HLL Distribution in Rural MarketsHLL has come up with new distribution channels to cater to rural markets. For long-term benefits, HLL has mounted an initiative, Project Streamline, to furtherincrease its rural reach with the help of rural sub-stockists. It has already appointed 6000such sub-stockists. As a result, the distribution network directly covers about 50,000villages, reaching about 250 million consumers. The pivot of Streamline is the RuralDistributor (RD), who has 15-20 rural sub-stockists attached to him. Each of these sub-stockists is located in a rural market. The sub-stockists then performs the role of drivingdistribution in neighboring villages using unconventional means of transport such astractor, bullock cart,etc. The Streamline system has extended direct HLL reach in these markets to about 37% ofIndias rural population from 25% in 1995 and the number of HLL brands and SKUsstocked by village retailers has gone up significantly. ? 33. PACKAGINGPackaging plays a key role in rural markets. Since customers are daily wage earners andthey donââ¬â¢t have monthly incomes like the urban consumers have, so Surf excel ispackaged in smaller sizes of 20gm so that they can afford given their kind of incomestreams. EDUCATIONSince vast majority of rural India lacks even basic education levels and modern outlook,HLL is training their new sellers to basic education levels. This is example of ProjectShakti which is explained in detail later. EMPOWERMENTHLL runs the program of Self-Help Groups (SHG), which operate like direct-to-homedistributors. The mo del consists of groups of (15-20) villagers below the poverty line(Rs. 750 per month) taking micro-credit from banks, and using that to buy HLL products,which they will then directly sell to consumersPrices of products 20gm 25gm 200gm 500gm 600gm 750gm 1kg 1. 5kg 3 kgSurf Quickwash 2 NA 23 53 NA NA 103 153 NASurf Automatic NA NA NA NA 90 NA 145 NA NASurf Blue NA 2 16 40 NA 53 NA 103 220 ? 34. Range of productsIf we divide detergent industry into three tiers ââ¬â â⬠¢ Premium at Rs. 80-140 per kg â⬠¢ Mid-price at Rs. 30-50 per kg â⬠¢ Popular at Rs. 15-25 per kgPopular segment accounts for 80% of the detergent industry. HLL leads in detergent powders withPremium ââ¬â Surf ExcelMid price ââ¬â SunlightPopular ââ¬â Rin, WheelDealers and distributorsRetail Distributor MarginsExample of various distributor discounts on sale of these variants. Sale of 200gm Surf Excel Dealer Discount of 8%Sale of 20 gm Surf Excel Dealer Discount of 12%Wholesale Distributor MarginsThey get a standard discount of 1. % on sale of any variantStrategies in Orissa market 1. Shakti ProgramWith a twin objective of creating ââ¬Å"income-generating capabilitiesâ⬠for underprivilegedrural women and ââ¬Å"improving their rural living standardâ⬠through health and hygieneawareness, the Project Shakti is implemented in Orissa. Housewives and old ladies are targeted for th is project. They are trained and given basiceducation to sell products. All products which are priced below Rs 5 are sold through thisproject. The sellers which are all ladies are paid margins of 3% on their sale of products. Now out of a total of 15,454 Shakti Entrepreneurs across India, Orissa hasover 928 (6%)Shakti Entrepreneurs spread across 22 districts. They are operating through Self Help Groups (SHGs) which is makes women direct-to-home distributors of HLL. Partnerships with several NCOs and support from stategovernments have been key enablers for the programme. Currently women entrepenuersare earning an average income of Rs. 7007- per month, doubling their household income. For the SHG women, it provides a stable, sustainable source of income. For villagers, thischannel has become a source of genuine and correctly priced products. ? 35. SALES TREND IN BHUBANESHWARBig Bazaar ,BhubaneshwarSales figures of Surf excel and is competitors Surf Ariel TideJuly sales 1,21,000 26,246 71,672July sold quantity 1787 pieces 341 pieces 1996 pieces ? 36. MARKET SHARE OF SURF Bhubaneswar, 20% Orissa, 35% Surf Excel Surf Blue Orissa, 65% Bhubaneswar, 80%SALE OF SURF EXCEL ON BASIS OF DIFERENT SIZES 10% 25% 20gm 200gm 500gm others(1kg,1. 5kg) 15%50%SALE OF SURF BLUE ON BASIS OF DIFERENT SIZES 7% 13% 20% 500gm 750gm5% 1kg 3kg 55% others(25gm,200gm) ? 37. PERCENTAGE SHARE OF SURF IN PREMIUM DETERGENTSMARKET 25% Surf Excel Ariel 75%SALE OF SURF EXCEL ON BASIS OF SEASONSCustomers reduce their washing frequency in rains, so the sales are drastically affected. Sale of detergents is strongly affected by seasonal changes as shown in the chart below. 12% 18% Summers Winters Rains 70% ? 38. COMPETITOR ANALYSIS. In this section we compare HLL with its competitors, viz. Proctor and Gamble (Ariel, Tide) and Nirma Ltd (Nirma washing powder). We now compare these products and the companies on the various counts. Market Share: The per capita consumption of detergents in India is 2. kg per annum. The synthetic detergent market can be classified into three main categories ââ¬â Premium (Surf and Ariel) ââ¬â 15% of total market Mid price (Rin and Wheel) ââ¬â 40% of total market Popular (Nirma) ââ¬â 45% of total market. Product Comparison: HLL (market share ââ¬â 40%, including all 3 segments) manufactures Surf Excel in three avatars, Surf Excel Blue, Surf Excel Automatic and Surf Excel Quick wash. The USP of Surf Excel is that it reduces soaking time and water usage by 50%. It also contains a lesser amount of bleach than Ariel or Tide. PG (market share ââ¬â 12%, including all 3 segments) produces both Ariel and Tide. Ariel is produced in three types, Ariel Front-o-mat, Ariel Spring Clean and Ariel Fresh Clean. The USP here would be removal of tough stains while taking care of cloth quality and imparting a fresh fragrance to it. Tide detergent improves washing experience while imparting a lingering lemon fragrance to clothes. Nirma (market share ââ¬â 30% of popular segment) comes in three variants, Nirma washing powder, Super Nirma washing powder and Nirma popular washing powder. Its USP would be low prices and the value for money it gives to the customer. Pricing Comparison: We now compare the prices for these brands. The price of each product and its variant is shown in the table b 20gm 200gm 500gm 600gm 750gm 1kg 1. 5kg 2kg 3 kg 4kg (30sachets)Surf Quick wash 2 23 53 NA NA 103 153 NA NA NASurf Automatic NA NA NA 90 NA 145 NA NA NA NASurf Blue NA 16 40 NA 53 NA 102 NA 220 NAAriel 2 22 50 NA NA 99 145 NA NA NATide 1 10 23 NA NA 46 NA 88 NA 186 ? 39. Place comparison:HLLââ¬â¢s distribution system is one of its key strengths. The delivers its finished productsto various Carrying and Forwarding Agents, via whom the goods reach differentwholesalers. From here the goods are delivered to either rural or urban retailers, viawhom they reach the consumers. HLLs scale enables it to provide superior customer service including daily servicing,improving their range availability whilst reducing inventories. An IT-powered system hasbeen implemented to supply stocks to redistribution stockists on a continuousreplenishment basis. The objective is to catalyze HLLââ¬â¢s growth by ensuring that the rightproduct is available at the right place in right quantities, in the most cost-effectivemanner. For this, stockists have been connected with the company through an Internet-based network, called RSNet, for online interaction. As far as distribution to rural areas is concerned, they use a process called ProjectStreamline, wherein there exist networks of rural sub-stockists, who operate in the ruralareas itself. 20-30 sub-stockists come under a rural distributor (RD). The sub-stockists arethen responsible for distributing the products in rural areas. Nirma Limited markets its products through its fully owned subsidiary Nirma ConsumerCare Limited (NCCL), which was incepted in 1985. NCCL then resells the productsthrough ââ¬ËNirmaââ¬â¢ and ââ¬ËNimaââ¬â¢. Nirma pioneered the concept of flat distribution network. Nirma Consumer Care Limited operates with two parallel distribution networks. TheNIRMA brand is marketed through the first network, which consists of about 450exclusive distributors. It is one of the lowest cost FMCG distribution channels of thecountry. The principle channel for Nirmaââ¬â¢s Products is the lowest cost system in Indiawith in built flexibility and speedy distribution. All NIRMA and NIMA range of productshave a retail reach of over two million retail outlets and more than 40 million loyalconsumers spread all over the country. The Company has been successful in establishingan extremely good urban as well as rural presence through the two distribution channels. The distribution channels have played a significant role in making Nirma a householdname. The efficient network has made Nirma Washing Powder the brand with highestpenetration in its product category. The network is well equipped to meet the demands ofthe loyal consumers of the Company across the country. ? 40. Promotion comparison:HLL. Advertising. Surf excel, synonymous with the catch line, ââ¬ËSurf Excel hai naa! ââ¬â¢ was the first nationaldetergent brand on television. It has indulged in numerous advertisement campaignswhich have gained a lot of popularity. Surf Excel and Lalitaji ad also was in news for a long time. Slice of life situations havegenerated high levels of interest in the communication. Using consumer speak in the formof testimonials has helped in building credibility in the brand. ââ¬Å"She was a hard-headed bargain-hunting housewife who demanded value for money andnot just cheap price. Consumers faith in Surf was restored, and not just because sheoffered a rational argument. The real reason Lalitaji was believed was because she wastrusted y the Indian housewife to get her a good bargain. We showed her bargainingwith the vegetable vendor about good tomatoes and bad tomatoes â⬠¦ `Sasti cheez orachchi cheez me farak hota hai, bhai saab. ââ¬Å"This advertisement reversed a declining brand share trend. The currents advertisement on television shows noted actor and human rights activistShabana Azmi (who did promote Ariel once upon a time), walking with two buckets ofwater and encouraging a crowd of people to do the same. It basically plays on SurfExcelââ¬â¢s strength to perform with lesser amounts of water. It thus underlines th How to cite Surf Exel, Papers jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-570998042300855632020-04-25T10:15:00.001-07:002020-04-25T10:15:03.158-07:00The Pros and Cons of Regulating the Food Business The statistics by the Center of Disease and Control gives an alarming view about the existing circumstances as far is obesity is concerned. The fact that there has been an increase in obesity in both adults and children raises concerns of what can be done so as to ensure that the number of obese people is kept down.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Pros and Cons of Regulating the Food Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The fact that the scenario has come to a point that it has become a national epidemic means that the government has the responsibility of doing everything possible to ensure the issue is well handled. The question of whether the government should regulate the food business should be answered after weighing the pros and cons not regulating the food business. It is clear that though the resultant of not controlling food business has brought about an epidemic, there is also the benefit to or ganizations of an available market of work out DVDs, gym memberships and also dinners that are frozen. In terms of financial contribution, it only means that the organizations that are offering these services are also contributors to the economy and through the activities some obese people are also benefiting. The government also needs to access the successes of the solutions that these organizations have so as to know whether there is need to regulate the food business. For what would be the reason of regulating the business if there are more financial benefits and the people who engage in the solutions are getting the help they need? Economically, if the government decides to regulate the business and success to reduce obesity, these organizations may be forced to lay off the workers or even close down. If that happens, there would be economic Implications on the people who were dependent on these businesses.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can hel p you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, the fact that grocery stores have stickers that enlighten the people about the food that enables one to maintain a healthy body also has a benefit it offers of the public. It means that people are aware of the food that would not render their bodies to be obese. In turn, they have a contribution in ensuring that obesity of among the citizens is reduced. However, it is notable that the food that is preventive of this epidemic is more expensive than the others. The meaning of this is that the poor in the society mighty not afford it since their financial income mighty not permit. It is also notable that the low income earners may not afford to enjoy some of these preventive measures that have come up that aim at stopping the epidemic. At this point, it is where the government comes in and needs to ensure that the epidemic is prevented from escalating since there are also other dangers that are to the epide mic. Some diseases are likely to come up due to obesity and there is also likelihood of death coming up. Whether there exists a financial benefit to both the organizations and the government, the health of the people should be the primary consideration in deciding whether to regulate the business or not. The government is meant to work for all the people, the ones who can afford the provided services by the various organization and the ones who cannot afford them. It should therefore exert a regulation that aims at ensuring that even the people who cannot afford the services that the various organizations are offering are also catered for when fighting the epidemic. However, regulation should also be such that it is not so strict to drives some of these organizations that are offering solution to obesity out of business.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Pros and Cons of Regulating the Food Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on The Pros and Cons of Regulating the Food Business was written and submitted by user Morbius to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-89232203042903973702020-03-18T05:30:00.001-07:002020-03-18T05:30:02.891-07:00Tourism vs National Security essaysTourism vs National Security essays Queensland is the sunshine state. In the light of recent terrorist attacks around the world, should our attention be concentrated on encouraging tourism or should these resources be channeled towards national security? Draw up and justify recommendations for government policy. Hike through tranquil rainforests in a hinterland of rugged mountains, relax on pristine white beaches or go diving and venturing beneath the depths of the great blue waters. Queensland, home of the Great Barrier Reef and generally referred to as the "Sunshine State", is a chief attraction for tourists. But with hand grenades hurling through the air, bullets showering down and lethal explosions ripping screams apart, who would consider a vacation and relax? Capital inputs for tourism may be considered surplus during terrorist threats to Australia, but Australias security establishment inevitably relies partially on tourism. Greg Sheridan, The Australian's foreign editor, the most influential foreign affairs analyst in Australian journalism reiterated the point that we are now living in the age of terror in the Australian on 3 April 2003. He said The interaction of weapons of mass destruction, rogue states and international terrorism means that the potential for catastrophic mass attack in Western nations has risen qualitatively and, as a consequence, transformed the global environment. The secure environment of Australia is dynamic but uncertain, abundant with a host of threats and confrontations that have the potential to grow. With the spread of chemical, biological and nuclear weapons, along with ballistic missile technology, even weak states and small groups could attain a catastrophic strike at developed, industrial nations. The potential of national defence to eradicate the threats of terrorist attacks or war eruptions is dependent on the budget for national protection. Within the Attorney-Genera... jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-74735656712837180252020-03-01T21:14:00.001-08:002020-03-01T21:14:04.575-08:00Sight Vocabulary for Word RecognitionSight Vocabulary for Word Recognition Learning the sight words for word recognition is critical for reading success. The majority of the words used in written English follow certain rules which govern the relationship between the symbols and the sounds. We call those phonics. Unfortunately, the words we use most frequently are irregular, and they are not spelled the way they sound, words like said, these and thought. These we call sight words, because you need to be able to recognize them immediately. Students who struggle with text really struggle with sight vocabulary. Learning sight vocabulary requires teaching and frequent re-teaching, as well as lots and lots of practice recognizing the words. Dolch High-Frequency Words There are couple lists, the Fry High-Frequency List, made up of 600 words, and the Dolch High-Frequency Wordsà made up of 220 high-frequency words and 95 nouns frequently found in childrens books. The Fry list is ranked from most frequently used to least frequently used (of the 600 words, not all 240,000 or so according to Boston University. The Dolch words represent about 75% of all the words we encounter in writing. Direct Instruction Programs, like Wilson Reading or SRA, teach some sight vocabulary in each lesson and are sure that students see those words as they are learning to decode the regular words which conform to the phonetic rules of English. Using the Dolch High-Frequency Words The word lists for Dolch High-Frequency Words begin with pre-primer words, the words most frequently used to glue together the nouns and verbs we use to express ourselves. There are five levels and a noun list: Pre-primer, Primer, 1st grade, 2nd grade, 3rd grade, and Nouns. Children should have all of the Dolch Words mastered before they begin second grade. Assessment: The first step is to simply present the words, beginning with the pre-primer words on flash cards (follow this link) and testing until a student can recognize no more than 80% of the words on each level list. Check off the words the students know on the checklists provided. Practice in Context: Leveled reading programs, such as Reading A-Z or SRA will provide lists of sight vocabulary and lists of new vocabulary either on the cover or on the page (Reading A-Z) where the item is found. Use the checklists to track which words you are using as you complete each list. These checklists can also be used to write and monitor IEP goals. There are enough columns to collect data over several weeks. Drill and Games The flashcards can also be used for practice as well as games or concentration. Dolch Around the World: Present pairs of students each of the flashcards. When a child gets it right, he or she moves on to the next student and they compete to recognize the card first.Dolch Concentration: Have two sets of cards. Have students play with a limited number of cards including some you want them to learn.Dolch Snap: Have students time each other with a stopwatch, to see who can read them the quickest. Dolch High-Frequency IEP Goals When presented with flash cards, John will read 32 of 42 (80%) of Pre-primer High Frequency (Dolch) Words, 3 of 4 consecutive trials.When presented with flash cards, Susan will read 90% (36) of the First Grade Dolch Words, 3 out of 4 consecutive trials. jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-18661081320626163942020-02-14T12:41:00.001-08:002020-02-14T12:41:02.601-08:00Feminist Legal Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 wordsFeminist Legal Theory - Essay Example The paper will examine the portions that constitute these two aspects and what makes them interconnected. In other words, an examination of how legal feminism as a concept affects feminist legal research will be done. Feminist legal scholars argue for a renewed dimension of research. They claim that gender recognitions had not been made in the past and that there is a need for adoption of a different phenomenon known as emancipator research. In other words, they are claiming that legal work needs to reflect the challenges affected by both sexes rather than merely focusing on the needs and perspectives of a universal experience. Radical legal feminists argue that men's experiences have always been treated as neutral or universal while female experiences are regarded as private or even negative. Consequently, these groups of legal feminists claim that there should be a radical transformation in law by accepting and changing power roles in the profession.1 Feminist research in law has been treated as something that lacks objectivity by opponents to this phenomenon. However, legal feminist researchers claim that objectivity is in fact a term coined by non feminists in an attempt to hide women's own subjectivity in law. Consequently, these proponents argue that research should not be treated as devoid off subjects. Instead, there should be an emphasis on the experiences and the actual challenges that subjects undergo in their everyday lives. Additionally, the latter adherents also claim that the utilisation of models during the research process is another way of forgetting the subject and thus renders such researches invalid. Distinctive features about feminist approaches to the study of law and how it compares to other approaches in the course Feminist legal theory is founded upon the premise that the law has been central in depicting historical subordination of women. There are two ways in which feminist legal theory can be treated the first is with regard to jurisprudence in which the law can be perceived as something that has been oppressive to the female gender. The second aspect is with regard to the transformation of society's perception of women through the law or through a reworking of the law. 2 This approach to the study of law is different from other arenas owing to the fact that it challenges the way the rights based approach to law or the liberal values in law are dealt with. The latter approach is synonymous with the liberal equality model of law. Here, greater emphasis is given to the issue of genuine rights accorded to the different genders rather than some of the conventional rights that have been accorded in the past to women. Through this school of thought, it is possible to see that there are certain links between injustice and gender. Feminist approach to law has also been instrumental in understanding that there are real differences between the genders and that these differences need not be obscured by the law. Instead, feminists assert that these differences should be brought to the table. The latter school of thought is held by sexual difference model adherents. However, the latter model is not synonymous to other feminists who claim that in order to ensure historic preclusion by the law is completely eradicated, then there must be treatment of both sexes as equal. These proponents hold that when the differences betwe jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-18989389925752077102020-02-01T20:40:00.001-08:002020-02-01T20:40:03.259-08:00Leadership - Steve Jobs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsLeadership - Steve Jobs - Essay Example They also possess intelligence and charisma, which enables them to navigate the difficult operational environments (Kurian 2012 p. 2). The sole purpose of a leader is to provide leadership, direction and dependence. The leader should also have the capabilities to encourage and stimulate people. Different qualities distinguish leaders from other people. There is an early recognition of leaders and their importance in society. According to the trait theory, the early assumptions and recognitions of leadership were based on personal characteristics known as individual attributes. Alternative theories of leadership introduced different strategies for approaching leadership (Kurian 2012 p. 2). These had their basis on the notions of the driving force of leadership. These theories showed that an individual who excelled in one leadership position might not shine, in other leadership positions. These theories led to the realization that leadership cannot be characterized as enduring individu al traits. This means that people may posit, in certain situations (Kurian 2012 p. 3). However, the trait theory is a crucial leadership theory that helps, in the comprehension of peopleââ¬â¢s capabilities in different situations that require leadership. This is because individual traits such as adjustment, astuteness, extraversion, carefulness, self-efficacy and directness to different experiences support an individual, in different situations. Steve Jobs Leadership Approach Steve Jobs can be characterized as an unconventional leader. His leadership styles and approaches were successful, in his environment. Steve Jobsââ¬â¢ leadership and management styles and approaches were not based on textbook materials (Kurian 2012 p. 3). For instance, he was not keen on consensus building approaches or consultations. He exhibited the characteristics of a high maintenance co-worker who demanded excellence and consistency from his staff. He used criticism as a tool for leadership and insti lling discipline among his workers (Kurian 2012 p. 6). His abilities to articulate his vision and motivate his staff towards the achievement of his ideas endeared him to his staff and business society. He also combined this ability with his sheer genius to articulate his vision. These were crucial in pulling his customers to purchase his products. A turning point in his career was the lessons learnt, in his career setbacks. This created the elements of visionary leader that were a characteristic of his ideas and innovations. His relations to his firm, Apple, have often been described as visionary. Decision-making and strategizing were crucial approaches used by Steve Jobs in his marketing and management approaches (Kurian 8). The trait theory is a prominent theory with the case of Steve Jobs. For instance, Steve Jobs was a stickler to discipline and excellence. Other people such as his former CEO found it difficult to work with him, in the same environment. In 1985, John Sculley, hi s former CEO stripped Jobs off his responsibilities and powers at the firm (Kurian 9). He also had the characteristics of taking new challenges and transforming previously underperforming firms into multinationals. For instance, he bought Pixar and changed it to a global animation company. According to Walter Isaacson, the theory of transformational leadership applies to the case of Steve jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-43654951500750857412020-01-24T17:04:00.001-08:002020-01-24T17:04:02.998-08:00Comparing Jeffersonians and Hamiltonians :: Jefferson Hamilton American Constitution EssaysComparing Jeffersonians and Hamiltonians The Washington administration was the first to bring together in the cabinet of the United States, the Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and the Secretary of Treasury Alexander Hamilton. Jefferson and Hamilton began to take different views when the government began to address the issue of the old war debts and the worthless paper money left over from the days of the Confederation. Hamilton suggested that the government should create the Bank of the United States, which would be a public-private partnership with both government and private investors. The Bank of the United States was to handle the governmentââ¬â¢s banking needs. Jefferson protested because this was not allowed by the Constitution. Hamilton opposed the view of Jefferson and stated that the Constitutionââ¬â¢s writers could not have predicted the need of a bank for the United States. Hamilton said that the right to create the Bank of the United States was stated in the ââ¬Å"elasticâ⬠or the ââ¬Å"necessary and properâ⬠clause in which the Constitution gave the government the power to pass laws that were necessary for the welfare of the nation. ââ¬Å" This began the argument between the ââ¬Å"strict constructionistsâ⬠(Jefferson) who believed in the strict interpretation of the Constitution by not going an inch beyond its clearly expressed provisions, and the ââ¬Å"loose constructionistsâ⬠(Hamilton) who wished to reason out all sorts of implications from what it saidâ⬠. Hamilton and Jefferson began to disagree more and more. Hamilton wrote nasty anonymous articles in John Fennoââ¬â¢s Gazette of the United States and Jefferson responded to him in Philip Freneauââ¬â¢s National Gazette. Jeffersonââ¬â¢s Notes of the State of Virginia in 1787 stated that rural life was beneficial to the government because cities and other areas of large population created poverty, disease, and corruption. Jefferson believed that the small farmers where the backbone of the United States. While in the Report on Manufactures of 1791,Hamilton stated that the government should be used to develop cities, industries, and trade Hamilton believed that ââ¬Å"government's function is to maintain order in a potentially chaotic society. It needs to be remote and secure from the people's emotional uprisingsâ⬠.Jefferson believed the government ââ¬Å"needs to be limited in its powers and completely responsive to the needs and desires of the peopleâ⬠.Hamilton was strongest among merchants in the cities and throughout New England while Jefferson was strongest among artisans in the cities and throughout the South. Comparing Jeffersonians and Hamiltonians :: Jefferson Hamilton American Constitution Essays Comparing Jeffersonians and Hamiltonians The Washington administration was the first to bring together in the cabinet of the United States, the Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and the Secretary of Treasury Alexander Hamilton. Jefferson and Hamilton began to take different views when the government began to address the issue of the old war debts and the worthless paper money left over from the days of the Confederation. Hamilton suggested that the government should create the Bank of the United States, which would be a public-private partnership with both government and private investors. The Bank of the United States was to handle the governmentââ¬â¢s banking needs. Jefferson protested because this was not allowed by the Constitution. Hamilton opposed the view of Jefferson and stated that the Constitutionââ¬â¢s writers could not have predicted the need of a bank for the United States. Hamilton said that the right to create the Bank of the United States was stated in the ââ¬Å"elasticâ⬠or the ââ¬Å"necessary and properâ⬠clause in which the Constitution gave the government the power to pass laws that were necessary for the welfare of the nation. ââ¬Å" This began the argument between the ââ¬Å"strict constructionistsâ⬠(Jefferson) who believed in the strict interpretation of the Constitution by not going an inch beyond its clearly expressed provisions, and the ââ¬Å"loose constructionistsâ⬠(Hamilton) who wished to reason out all sorts of implications from what it saidâ⬠. Hamilton and Jefferson began to disagree more and more. Hamilton wrote nasty anonymous articles in John Fennoââ¬â¢s Gazette of the United States and Jefferson responded to him in Philip Freneauââ¬â¢s National Gazette. Jeffersonââ¬â¢s Notes of the State of Virginia in 1787 stated that rural life was beneficial to the government because cities and other areas of large population created poverty, disease, and corruption. Jefferson believed that the small farmers where the backbone of the United States. While in the Report on Manufactures of 1791,Hamilton stated that the government should be used to develop cities, industries, and trade Hamilton believed that ââ¬Å"government's function is to maintain order in a potentially chaotic society. It needs to be remote and secure from the people's emotional uprisingsâ⬠.Jefferson believed the government ââ¬Å"needs to be limited in its powers and completely responsive to the needs and desires of the peopleâ⬠.Hamilton was strongest among merchants in the cities and throughout New England while Jefferson was strongest among artisans in the cities and throughout the South. jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-62289155947415240042020-01-16T13:28:00.001-08:002020-01-16T13:28:03.221-08:00Marketing Research – HeinekenHeineken International boasts one of the worldââ¬â¢s largest and most profitable portfolios of beer brands. Its presence is felt in 71 countries, in all regions of the world and it employs close to 70,000 people worldwide. Since its first year of brewing in 1864, Heineken has still kept its passion for creating the best craft beer and introducing a ââ¬Å"beer cultureâ⬠to Holland as Gerard Heineken initially intended. Heineken sells, markets and owns over 250 brands.The specific brand that I will be planning for this market plan is the main brand which is Heineken. The main demographic group target are males between the age of 23-35 years old. The annual income for this group may start at $40,000 or higher. This group will be single and with no children. The target group will be educated with a college degree or some college experience. This group will also be young working professionals. This group lives in the continental USA and are mostly city dwellers.This group is usua lly on the go, always has somewhere to be and enjoys fun social activities. They are always willing to try new things but maintain a sense of brand loyalty. This group likes a comfortable and exciting lifestyle, they are willing to pay a little more to get a better quality product. This group wants to be seen with the best, they like the nicer things in life; everything they do is a reflection of who they believe to be.The more events this group attends, the more opportunities they will have to repeat the purchase of the product and develop a stronger brand loyalty. This group will be defined by some of the behaviors that make them a great fit for the specific target group. This group likes to be in the know, they like to know the facts as to why the product they pick is the best fit for them. This group will defend their purchase decision over any circumstance thus creating a form of word of mouth referral for the brand they consume.They have a strong can-do attitude and will stick with their choice of brand if ever confronted with a similar product. I decided to target this specific audience because they have more disposable income and no responsibilities of taking care of a family or spouse. They will use the product more than anyone else and will stick with it. This target group will revive the ââ¬Å"beer cultureâ⬠that Gerard Heineken envisioned more than 150 years ago. By targeting this young group, the brand will create a customer lifetime value investment for years to come. Marketing Research ââ¬â Heineken Heineken International boasts one of the worldââ¬â¢s largest and most profitable portfolios of beer brands. Its presence is felt in 71 countries, in all regions of the world and it employs close to 70,000 people worldwide. Since its first year of brewing in 1864, Heineken has still kept its passion for creating the best craft beer and introducing a ââ¬Å"beer cultureâ⬠to Holland as Gerard Heineken initially intended. Heineken sells, markets and owns over 250 brands.The specific brand that I will be planning for this market plan is the main brand which is Heineken. The main demographic group target are males between the age of 23-35 years old. The annual income for this group may start at $40,000 or higher. This group will be single and with no children. The target group will be educated with a college degree or some college experience. This group will also be young working professionals. This group lives in the continental USA and are mostly city dwellers.This group is usua lly on the go, always has somewhere to be and enjoys fun social activities. They are always willing to try new things but maintain a sense of brand loyalty. This group likes a comfortable and exciting lifestyle, they are willing to pay a little more to get a better quality product. This group wants to be seen with the best, they like the nicer things in life; everything they do is a reflection of who they believe to be.The more events this group attends, the more opportunities they will have to repeat the purchase of the product and develop a stronger brand loyalty. This group will be defined by some of the behaviors that make them a great fit for the specific target group. This group likes to be in the know, they like to know the facts as to why the product they pick is the best fit for them. This group will defend their purchase decision over any circumstance thus creating a form of word of mouth referral for the brand they consume.They have a strong can-do attitude and will stick with their choice of brand if ever confronted with a similar product. I decided to target this specific audience because they have more disposable income and no responsibilities of taking care of a family or spouse. They will use the product more than anyone else and will stick with it. This target group will revive the ââ¬Å"beer cultureâ⬠that Gerard Heineken envisioned more than 150 years ago. By targeting this young group, the brand will create a customer lifetime value investment for years to come. jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-53669175002650789452020-01-08T09:51:00.001-08:002020-01-08T09:51:03.885-08:00What Is a Smart House What is Domotics A smart house is a home that has highly advanced, automated systems to control and monitor any function of a house ââ¬â lighting, temperature control, multi-media, security, window and door operations, air quality, or any other task of necessity or comfort performed by a homes resident. With the rise of wireless computerization, remote-controlled devices are becoming smart just-in-time. Today, its possible to pin a programmed chip onto any occupant and have systems adjust as a person passes by and through a smart house. Is It Really Smart? A smart home appears intelligent because its computer systems can monitor so many aspects of daily living. For example, the refrigerator may be able to inventory its contents, suggest menus and shopping lists, recommend healthy alternatives, and even routinely order groceries. The smart home systems might even ensure a continuously cleaned cat litter box or a house plant that is forever watered. The idea of a smart home may sound like something out of Hollywood. In fact, a 1999 Disney movie titled Smart House presents the comical antics of an American family that wins a house of the future with an android maid who causes havoc. Other films show science fiction visions of smart home technology that seems improbable. However, smart home technology is real, and its becoming increasingly sophisticated. Coded signals are sent through the homes wiring (or sent wirelessly) to switches and outlets that are programmed to operate appliances and electronic devices in every part of the house. Home automation can be especially useful for the elderly, people with physical or cognitive impairments, and disabled persons who wish to live independently. Home technology is the toy of the super-wealthy, like Bill and Melinda Gates home in Washington State. Called Xanadu 2.0, the Gates house is so high-tech that it allows visitors to choose the mood music for each room they visit. Open Standards Think of your house like its one, big computer. If you ever opened up the box or CPU of your home computer, youll find tiny wires and connectors, switches and whirling discs. To make it all work, you have to have an input device (like a mouse or a keyboard), but even more importantly, each of the components has to be able to work with each other. Smart technologies will evolve more quickly if people didnt have to buy entire systems, because lets face it ââ¬â some of us arent as wealthy as Bill Gates. We also dont want to have 15 remote control devices for 15 different devices ââ¬â weve been there and done that with televisions and recorders. What consumers want are add-on systems that are easy-to-use. What small manufacturers want are to be able to compete in this new marketplace. Two things are needed to make homes truly ââ¬Å"smart,â⬠writes research journalistà Ira Brodsky in Computerworld. First are sensors, actuators and appliances that obey commands and provide status information. These digital devices are already omnipresent in our appliances. Second are protocols and tools that enable all of these devices, regardless of vendor, to communicate with each other, says Brodsky. This is the problem, but Brodsky believes that smartphone apps, communication hubs and cloud-based services are enabling practical solutions that can be implemented right now. Home energy management systems (HEMS) have been the first wave of smart home devices, with hardware and software that monitors and controls a homes heating, ventilation, and air conditioningà (HVAC) systems. As standards and protocols are being developed, the devices in our homes are making them appear smartââ¬âvery smart! Prototype Houses The U.S. Department of Energy encourages new smart designs by sponsoring a Solar Decathlon, held every other year. Architecture and engineering college student teams compete in a number of categories, including intuitive control of devices and appliances. In 2013 a team from Canada described their engineering as an integrated mechanical system controlled by mobile devices. This is a student prototype of a smart home. Team Ontarios design for their house is called ECHO. Domotics and Home Automation As the smart house evolves, so, too, do the words we use to describe it. Most generally, home automation and home technology have been the early descriptors. Smart home automation has derived from those terms. The word domotics literally means home robotics. In Latin, the word domus means home. The field of domotics encompasses all phases of smart home technology, including the highly sophisticated sensors and controls that monitor and automate temperature, lighting, security systems, and many other functions. No need for those pesky robots, however. These days most mobile devices, like smart phones and tablets, are digitally connected and control many home systems. And what will your smart home look like? It should look just like what youre living in now if thats what you want. Sources Amazon Lets Users Create Their Own Smart Home by à ngel Gonzà ¡lez, The Seattle Times for Government Technology, April 6, 2016Sources: 19 Crazy Facts About Bill Gates $123 Million Washington Mansion by Madeline Stone, Business Insider, Nov. 7, 2014; The race to create smart homes is on by Ira Brodsky, Computerworld, May 3, 2016 [accessed July 29, 2016] jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-43614557993588855102019-12-31T06:17:00.001-08:002019-12-31T06:17:04.174-08:00Chinese Mothers Are Superior - 877 Words Chinese mothers If you ask parents all over the world, what they wish for their children, most of them would answer that their children should have a happy life. Does it mean that parents dictate every single step for their kids to take? When a child get used to follow orders from his/her parents all the time and doesnââ¬â¢t have any kind of freedom in his/her spare time, wouldnââ¬â¢t this dictatorial upbringing and zero tolerance toward the child lead to weak points and errors in childââ¬â¢s life? To get high marks at school and eventually having a good job does it equal to a happy life? What is most prioritized happiness or success in life? On the 8th January 2011, an article was published in the Wall Street Journal to explain the superiorityâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The Chinese parenting method intends to focus on a targeted direction for the kids without paying attention to the kid own interest and ability of doing things. Because as parent you will be the decision taker, which later on will create an adult who is indecisive and depended. However this parenting method has some good sides too. Because you as decision taker make it easier for your child to follow the ââ¬Å"idealââ¬Å" path. As it takes off a lot of the pressure from kids shoulder and it will spare them from being confused and making decisions themselves. Finally you can say that the Chinese method is mixing the fact of being happy or being successful person. They define happiness in being successful at their profession. While the western assume happiness as success in life. In todays globalized lifestyle it is essential for everyone to be open-minded to achieve success and happiness. While, the Chinese method makes it difficult for individual to adopt new ways of thinking and way of doing stuff, because the kids have been obligated to follow the specific rules that their parents have created for them. As a parent it can be very difficult to balance what is the best for your child and what makes them happy. You should allow unstructured play as it helps children work together with others and thereby negotiate and solve conflict. Children also have to be taught to express their emotions so they canShow MoreRelatedWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior856 Words à |à 4 Pagesstyles and Chinese are considered authoritarian. Amy Chua, a Yale professor, a famous author, who recently wrote the book, ââ¬Å"Battle Hymn of the Tiger Motherâ⬠, in which she discuses parenting and the difference between Chinese and Western parenting. After reading ââ¬Å" Why Chinese Mothers Are Superiorâ⬠, she argues about different parenting styles and how Chinese parents are superior in terms of focusing on education with their kids. According to the Toulmin model, Amy Chua claims that Chinese parents raiseRead MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior1526 Words à |à 7 PagesYale law professor Amy Chua presents a harsh comparison of Chinese and Western ideas of child rearing in her essay entitled ââ¬Å"Why Chinese Mothers are Superior.â⬠This essay is an excerpt from her controversial 2011 book entitled Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mom and was published as an op-ed in a 2011 edition of The New York Times. In this essay Chua strives to challenge the readersââ¬â¢ idea of Chinese mothers and the way that they choose to effectively raise their children, and to present the reader withRead MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior992 Words à |à 4 PagesWhy Chinese Mothers are superior In 2011 Amy Chua wrote an article in which she involves people in how Chinese parents are raising their children. There are huge differences in how western parents are raising their children and how Chinese parents are raising their children. As a western person the methods Chua is using seems a little rough, but maybe it is the way to go. Her children have never been at a sleepover and the only choices they had was playing the piano or the violin. While readingRead MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior1496 Words à |à 6 PagesAmy Chuaââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superiorâ⬠highlights the different ways of parenting. Even though her title specifically states ââ¬Å"Chinese Mothers,â⬠this term is used to describe vast majority of Asian parentsââ¬â¢ way of nurturing. These ââ¬Å"tiger mothersâ⬠make their kids practice musical instrument numerous hours a day without a break and demand straight As. They force their children to keep enhancing their academ ic skill because she thinks that her children have the potential to be the best. The kidsââ¬â¢Read MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior1214 Words à |à 5 PagesWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior ------------------------------------------------- Amy Chua ââ¬Å"Hey fatty ââ¬â lose some weight.â⬠Do you think this sound like a mother who is superior? According to the Western idea of what good parenting includes this would be intolerable, but if you consider this from an Eastern point of view this wouldnââ¬â¢t be wrong or abnormal. In additional it seems that Chinese parents can get away with things that Western parents canââ¬â¢t which alludes to talk about two different child-rearingRead MoreWhy Chinese mothers are superior900 Words à |à 4 Pagesââ¬Å"Why Chinese mothers are superiorâ⬠is an essay published in The Wall Street Journal in January 2011. It is written by Amu Chua, who is also the author of the book ââ¬Å"Battle Hymn of the Tiger Motherâ⬠. In the essay deals with the ever controversial question of how to raise a child. How to make your kids grow up happy, strong and self-reliant. Different cultures have very different perspectives on upbringing and education, and in this essay Chua presents th e Chinese parenting method. The essay causedRead MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior1207 Words à |à 5 Pagesâ⬠Why Chinese Mothers are Superiorâ⬠It is impossible to deny the difficulty of childrearing. There is no manual but there are indeed methods more ethically correct than others. This is of course a subjective matter and often leads to endless discussions. The ways of childrearing have changed over the years and varies a lot based on the environment/country surrounding the parents and their children. In the article, ââ¬Å"Why Chines Mothers are Superiorâ⬠, Amy Chua, the professor at Yale law school, attemptsRead MoreAnalysis Of Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior1236 Words à |à 5 Pagesââ¬Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superiorâ⬠Critique Amy Chua, a professor at Yale Law School, the author of ââ¬Å"The World on Fireâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Day of Empireâ⬠, and ââ¬Å"Why They Fallâ⬠, in a Wall street Journal on January 8th, 2011, believes chinese mothers are the most rigorous on their children. The title of the article ââ¬Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superiorâ⬠was not chosen by Amy, but by the Wall Street Journal. Even though Amy did not write the title, there is reasoning that she does believe that chinese parenting is superiorRead MoreAnalysis Of Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior1210 Words à |à 5 Pagesââ¬Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superiorâ⬠Critique The article, ââ¬Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior,â⬠seemed like it had completely inflamed the entire United States due to the content that the author and Yale Law School professor, Amy Chua had included in her writing. This Chinese mother described her parenting style as superior and all knowing compared to the parenting style of the common Western parent which was described as anxious and conflicted. The article follows the structure of the chinese mothersRead MoreReasons Why Chinese Mothers are Superior803 Words à |à 4 PagesWhy Chinese mothers are superior Af Mathias Hammerstrà ¸m ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Write an essay (900-1200 words) in which you analyser and comment on Amy Chuaââ¬â¢s article ââ¬Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superiorâ⬠. Part of your essay must focus on how the writer engages the reader and on possible consequences of adopting Amy Chuaââ¬â¢s values and methods of upbringing. Thereââ¬â¢s a lot of different ways to raise your kids, and a lot jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-37270512549004166072019-12-23T02:04:00.001-08:002019-12-23T02:04:03.134-08:00Teen Smoking Education And Prevention - 1146 Words Teen Smoking: Education and Prevention Virginia Western Community College Jessica Baise Assessment Public Health Problem Tobacco use usually begins during youth and young adulthood. Every day in the United States, more than 3,800 youth under the age of eighteen smoke their first cigarette. (Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults , n.d.) The progress of smoking occasionally to smoking every day is due to the highly addictive drug called nicotine. There are several reasons why teens start smoking and they are unaware of the issues or problems it may cause. The younger you start smoking the more likely you are to use tobacco for a prolonged period of time. Nearly 4.7 million middle and high school students were current tobacco users in 2015. (The Office of Adolescent Health , n.d.) Tobacco use in young adults has declined considerably in the last 40 years, nearly 1 in 17 high school students were a daily smoker in 2015. (The Office of Adolescent Health , n.d.) From 2011 to 2015, current cigarette smoking declined among middle and high school students. (Youth and Tobacco Use , n.d.) About 2 of every 100 middle school students (2.3%) reported in 2015 that they smoked cigarettes in the past 30 days, a decrease from 4.3% in 2011. (Youth and Tobacco Use , n.d.) About 9 of every 100 high school students (9.3%) reported in 2015 that they smoked cigarettes in past 30 days, a decrease from 15.8% in 2011. (Youth and Tobacco Use , n.d.) Even though, there hasShow MoreRelatedTeen Smoking : Education And Prevention Essay3239 Words à |à 13 Pages1 Teen Smoking: Education and Prevention Teen Smoking: Education and Prevention Virginia Western Community College Jessica Baise Assessment Public Health Problem Tobacco use usually begins during youth and young adulthood. Every day in the United States, more than 3,800 youth under the age of eighteen smoke their first cigarette. (Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults , n.d.) The progress of smoking occasionally to smoking every day is due to the highly addictive drugRead MoreTobacco Smoking1372 Words à |à 6 PagesSmoking is an activity that has been around for many years for people to use and adapt into their lifestyle. It is a tool that many people use to help reduce the stresses of life and put them in a comfortable position that enables them to cope with the hectic lifestyle they are living. However, smoking has been scientifically proven to cause many types of cancer, the most common being lung cancer resulting in numerous deaths across the United States. According to WHO (World Health Organization),Read MoreDrug Abuse Resistance Education Program981 Words à |à 4 Pagesdrug-free life. This education program is called Drug Abuse Resistance Education Program (D.A.R.E.) This program uses law enforcement officers to educate students from kindergarten to 12th grade about saying no to drugs and gang violence. It is the most widely used school based program in our country that focuses on helping tackle down this problem. However, between 1983 and 2009, scientific studies showed that this program was ineffective in reducing the use of drugs in teens. Back in 1994, TheRead MoreTeenage Moms That Are Still In High School Get Pregnant1391 Words à |à 6 Pagestheir child. There were just under a quarter million pregnancies in women ages fifteen to nineteen in 2014. About eighty-five percent of these pregnancies are unplanned, which in any population can increase the risk for problems. The biggest risk for teen mothers is delaying prenatal care or worse, about seven percent received no care at all. According to CDC, In 2014, almost 250,000 babies were born to women aged 15ââ¬â19 years, for a birth rate of 24.2 per 1,000 women in this age group. This is anotherRead MoreTeen Pregnancy Issues And How It Affects Our Teens And Their Children814 Words à |à 4 PagesAn assessment of Teen Pregnancy Issues Tasha Arlen HUMS 390 Tracey Rollins May 1, 2015 Abstract Through this paper I will explain teen pregnancy issues and how it affects our teens and their children. I will discuss the physical/ emotional, medical and financial strain placed on teenage parents. Teen pregnancy can affect everyone in different ways. I will also so explain some programs to help with teen pregnancy. An assessment of Teen Pregnancy Issues For manyRead MoreSubstance Abuse : A Public Health Problem Among American Children And Adolescents1561 Words à |à 7 Pagessome type of alcoholic beverage in the past month and more than one in five engaging in binge drinking in the past two weeks. Tobacco is not much of an issue as it was in the past with the rates declining. Only one in ten adolescents have reported smoking in the past month. Illicit drug use is a growing problem in the US. By the twelfth grade, nearly half of all students have tried illicit drugs with marijuana being the most used but also include prescription drug use and aerosols (The Office of AdolescentRead MoreThe Dangers of Smoking1037 Words à |à 4 Pagesââ¬Å"Every day, approximately 4,800 young people between the ages of 11 and 17 will smoke their first cigarette. Of these, almost half will become regular smokersâ⬠(Wagner, 60). Many teens do not fear the consequences of using tobacco. They view their use of tobacco as temporary and easily re solvable. Unfortunately, the nicotine in tobacco products is highly addictive, which makes quitting challenging. When and if they finally quit, the consequences to their health have already taken its toll. Read MorePrenatal Care For Young Women Essay1082 Words à |à 5 Pagesdue to an unexpected pregnancy, not being educated on what to do, or not having resources to get care. Prenatal care is very important to a childââ¬â¢s early development. Prenatal care can mean several things like cutting back on caffeine and stopping smoking. It can also mean soon after conception beginning to care for yourself and the baby as well as starting to schedule regular checkups with a doctor. Healthy People 2020 wants to help mothers, infants and children achieve optimal preconception healthRead MoreA History of Tobacco and Smoking in America1174 Words à |à 5 Pages Every year cigarette smoking is responsible for 500,000 premature deaths (Nugel), you do not want to be just another statistic, do you? Americaââ¬â¢s first cash crop was tobacco. That means that tobacco has been around for a really long time. It was not until 1865, though, that cigarettes were sold commercially. They were sold to soldiers at the end of the Civil War (Dowshen). From then, cigarettes spread like wildfire, and it was not until 1964 that anyone made a stand about the negative effectsRead MoreDrug Of Drug And Drug Abuse1538 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe drug war of the 1900s, drugs have been a major problem in todayââ¬â¢s society. ââ¬Å"Use of drugs such as opium, morphine, and other byproducts were common in twentieth century Americaâ⬠(Dobkin, 1998). While most students in standard high school drug education know about the use of coca leaves in Coca-Cola and the opium trade in China, drug addiction during the century is much more expansive than recognized. â⠬Å"It is estimated that by 1975, there were about 550,000 users of addictive drugs in the U.Sâ⬠(Lee jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-90271824594178741632019-12-14T22:33:00.001-08:002019-12-14T22:33:03.810-08:00Skills Necessary For Successful Collaboration Education Essay Free Essays string(155) " this should be discussed is in a meeting that has been set up or with another instructor in private who may besides be involved in this state of affairs\." Travel to the Assignments and Activities subdivision of the Topic Collaboration, Consultation, and Co-Teaching in the MyEducationLab for your class, and finish the activity entitled Understanding Collaboration. 1. Name three of import accomplishments necessary for successful coaction. We will write a custom essay sample on Skills Necessary For Successful Collaboration Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Effective interpersonal communicating is one of the most of import accomplishments of coaction which is the ability to be empathetic, echt, positive, unfastened, clear, and self-asserting. Verbal and gestural communicating accomplishments can be developed by persons through preparation and pattern. The 2nd accomplishment necessary for synergistic teaming is function elucidation. Role elucidation means each member of a squad must understand his or her ain function and duties and those of other members. It is really critical to cognize your functions and duties. The Third accomplishment involved is synergistic teaming related to adult larning. This accomplishment involves being an effectual squad members who can function let go of to other members by learning them about basic processs and patterns associated with their profession. Educating and tilting from others grownups you develop core accomplishments necessary for implementing the best incorporate educational schemes for pupils. 2. Why is cultural competency of import to successful coaction? Cultural competency gives you the chance to be cognizant of one ââ¬Ës ain attitudes, values, prejudices, and stereotypes cultural minorities and non-minorities. Understanding the impact of ethic or non-ethnic diverseness can impact the interaction among professional squad members every bit good as among the pupils and households. 3. Harmonizing to the article, what are some of import stairss for successful collaborative meetings? Successful stairss for collaborative meetings are: 1. Designate a squad leader and do certain all individual involved are notified of the meeting clip and topographic point. 2. Introduce all squad members and province the intent of the meeting. 3. Describe, in item, the job state of affairs and let squad members to inquire inquiries for elucidation. 4. Reach consensus on a particular, mensurable, and experimental definition of the job. 5. Prioritize the jobs, if there are more than one, on the footing of the demands of the pupil and the household. 6. Determine the history and frequence of the job. 7. Discuss any old intercessions that have been attempted. 8. Brainstorm possible intercessions, promoting full squad engagement. 9. Establish processs for roll uping informations. 10. Determine how long the intercession will be applied. 11. Clarify the duty of each squad member. 12. Develop timelines for activities and schedule a follow-up meeting. 13. Measure the intercession on a regular basis with squad members and do alterations if necessary. 14. Supply advisory and collaborative aid to each member as needed. 15. Measure the squad ââ¬Ës effectivity and find whether any alterations need to be made in operating processs, squad composing, or other countries. Think about a state of affairs in which you worked collaboratively with a squad. What jobs and success did the squad have in working collaboratively? How did the squad decide the jobs? What strategies from our text could you hold employed? Working with a squad can be really disputing at times. For illustration, I played college playground ball for 4 old ages and I was selected to be team captain. So I though certain I can make this I have played ball for old ages this should be no job. Well I rapidly came to recognize I had my custodies full. I shortly became the individual that the squad looked up to so every bad move or error I made was noticed. Some of my teammates became fearful of me to which this twenty-four hours I still do non understand. I tried to demo everyone of my teammates that I wanted nil but the best of them and in everything I was making had a intent in which to hopefully do us win and make our ends. On the positive side I gained trust, and they noticed my love for the game which created long permanent friendly relationships. In my instance, all three schemes could of been used to be more effectual as a squad. Effective personal communicating involves the ability to be empathetic, echt, positive, unfa stened, and clear and self-asserting. This gives each member the ability to understand one another and remain positive in disputing state of affairss. The effectual function elucidation which means each member of my squad must understand her ain function and duties and those of other member. Therefore, everyone would experience like they had a portion in the squad and making something to make our ends and to be successful. Role release is learning basic processs and pattern. This would give each squad member a opportunity to assist a teammate in a clip of battle. Everyone can larn something from person to better your ability. Given households ââ¬Ë and pupils ââ¬Ë rights to confidentiality, what would you make in the undermentioned state of affairss? ( 1 ) Teachers are discoursing pupils and their households during tiffin in the instructor ââ¬Ës sofa. ( 2 ) You notice that the pupils ââ¬Ë records in your school are kept in an unsupervised country Keeping confidentiality is one of the most of import occupations of all instructors. Guidelines for confidentiality to protect pupils and households rights are outlined in the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act every bit good as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act ( Salend, 2010, p. 158 ) . In state of affairs figure one I would speak to the other instructors separately so as non to do a scene or do them experience like I am seeking to state them what to make. When speaking to them I would inquire them if they are cognizant that they are go againsting the confidentiality of the pupils and households by the things they are discoursing in the instructor ââ¬Ës sofa. I would explicate to them that as instructors we are expected to maintain information about the lives of our pupils and their households private. I would so continue to state that the lone clip this should be discussed is in a meeting that has been set up or with another instructor in private who may be sides be involved in this state of affairs. You read "Skills Necessary For Successful Collaboration Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" In state of affairs figure two I would inquire to put up a meeting between myself and the rule to discourse my concerns about the manner in which our pupil records are maintained. I would turn to the fact that I feel that the records of all pupils should be kept in a secure location where they are supervised in order to protect the privateness of the pupils. I would explicate that the manner in which the records are now kept that I felt like anyone could see the information whether or non they really should hold entree to them or non. I feel that this could set the school in a really vulnerable place and information could perchance acquire in the incorrect custodies. Think about several individuals you talk to on a regular basis. How do their communicating manners differ in footings of oculus contact, delay clip, word significances, facial and physical gestures, voice quality, personal infinite, and physical contact? How make these differenced affect you? How do you set your communicating manner to suit these differences? What are some other schemes you could utilize to advance effectual communicating? Harmonizing to the text edition, communicating manners and forms vary from civilization to civilization and things such as ââ¬Å" oculus contact, delay clip, word significances, facial and physical gestures, voice quality and tone, personal infinite, and physical contact have different significances and intents in assorted civilizations â⬠( Salend, 2010, p. 166 ) . The people that I talk to on a day-to-day footing include my coworkers, schoolmates, friends, and professors. One of my coworkers is really ill-mannered and likes to do everyone around him feel like he is better than they are. When he comes around I try to happen other things to make to avoid being in the same room with him. I find that when looking about I am non the lone 1 that does this several of my other colleagues seem to be making the same thing. Most of my other coworkers on the other manus are really nice, merriment, work oriented, and are truly fun to be around which makes my occupation for the most portio n a merriment topographic point to be. When pass oning with these persons I tend to be more confident than when pass oning with the 1 that is so ill-mannered. One manner that I think I could advance effectual communicating between myself and my rude coworker is by naming him on the phone and inquiring inquiries alternatively of inquiring them in individual. By taking the face to confront contact he would non hold rather the same chance to do you experience below him as he has in individual. Chapter 5 How are individuals with disablements and those from assorted cultural and lingual backgrounds pictured in books, telecasting shows, films, and sketchs? How make these portraitures affect you and your pupils ââ¬Ë apprehension and credence of single differences? How does your text edition suggest you approach the undertaking of learning credence? There are really few books, telecasting shows, films or sketchs that portray persons with disablements or people from different civilizations and lingual backgrounds in positive ways. Most of these show these persons in a negative, and disrespectful manner, and are frequently times doing merriment of them. Children seem to finally desire to believe everything they see on Television or read in books. Therefore kids who view these negative portraitures of persons with disablements and different cultural and lingual backgrounds are really likely to see them negatively in the existent universe. This frequently times creates jobs with their credence of these persons. As instructors, making a positive schoolroom that promotes credence of everyone is really of import. To make this, utilize friendship activities including books, concerted academic and nonacademic games, and larning centres to set up an environment that supports friendly relationships. ( Salend, 2010, p. 204 ) . Some of the m ost of import factors for instructors in doing pupils successful in understanding the differences in other people include: sing everyone as capable persons with alone personalities, qualities, likes, disfavors, strengths, and challenges ; advancing the position that similarities and differences are natural and positive and that we all benefit from diverseness and accepting and understanding single differences ; furthering sensitiveness instead than understanding ; supplying information, direct contact, and experiences that portion of import information about and counter stereotyped positions of others perceived as different ; and prosecuting in actions that support others such as composing positive remarks about your schoolmates ( Salend, 2010, p. 178-179 ) . Think ( and react in composing ) about how you would react to the undermentioned state of affairss: Students are stating anti-Semetic gags ; utilizing footings such as Indian giver ; miming a pupil ââ¬Ës speech pattern ; denying their racial, cultural, or spiritual individualities ; badgering a male pupil who liked to run up. These are all state of affairss that will be uncomfortable and sometimes hard to cover with. In these state of affairss I would wish to utilize the illustration from chapter 1 in which we would hold a community meeting in the schoolroom and discourse the job that has come up without naming anyone out or directing attending to anyone in peculiar. I would wish to hold the pupils discourse what happened and why it was incorrect and what they thing should be done to rectify the state of affairs. I think doing the pupils a portion of the solution helps them understand precisely what happened and why it should neââ¬â¢er go on once more. It besides lets them portion how they would experience if it was done to them and hear and understand how other people would experience if it was done to them. I would so show my sentiments on these phrases or remarks and explain to my pupils why these remarks are unacceptable and should non be used. Some of the illustrations that the book provides for c overing with insensitive and intolerant behaviours and remarks are utilizing attitude altering assessment instruments, cognition of single differences investigations, observations, sociograms, learning about friendly relationships, learning societal accomplishments, and utilizing activities that develop societal accomplishments and promote communicating among pupils. ( Salend, 2010, p.207 ) . Think about a state of affairs in which you were stereotyped. What factors contributed to that stereotype? How did it do you experience? How did it impact the result of the state of affairs? Think about a state of affairs in which you stereotyped person. What factors contributed to that stereotype? How did it do you experience? What would you make otherwise? I would hold to state factors that contribute to any stereotype start with prejudgment no affair if it is positive of negative. While playing softball everyone usage to state that we get the free drives because all the instructors like us because we were jocks. I felt unhappy, sad, fearful, a had alot of different emotions all running at the same clip. These emotions kept me from making my full potency because I feared what others were stating about me and frequently times what they were traveling to make to me. I made a Prejudgment or an overview about the features of members in the set, based on an image ( frequently incorrectly ) about what people in that group were like until I became friends with several of them. I felt atrocious for judging this group and allowing myself have a negative image of the people that were involved in this atom group. I try to neââ¬â¢er prejudge anyone and ever seek to give them a just chance to show themselves and be who they are. God made everyon e different so therefore we should esteem everyone no affair of colour, societal position, group etc. Chapter 6 Travel to the Assignments and Activities subdivision of the Subject: Passage Planning in the MyEducationLab for your class, and finish the activity entitled The Transition Plan Document to larn more about developing the ITP. 1. What are the of import constituents of the Individual Transition Plan ( ITP ) papers? The ITP planning squads should utilize person-/student-centered planning processes that focal point on the strengths, penchants, and cultural and gender-related positions of pupils and their households. ( Salend, 2010, pg. 225 ) The ITP papers provides specific transitional services that the school and District will supply for the pupil beyond high school graduation. The ITP is designed to supply parents, pupils and school communities with specific transitional services that will be provided to the pupil beyond the high school experience. The ITP must incorporate the undermentioned information: High School Units/Graduation Graduation day of the month Post-graduation survey focal point Creditss completed Creditss staying Transcript grade point norm Transportation of Rights for pupils 18 old ages of age Student and parent signature required if pupil will be 18 old ages old prior to the following one-year IEP meeting. ITP drumhead subdivision of post-graduation survey focal point and current degrees of academic public presentation in transitional country. ( This subdivision contains a narrative on the pupils ââ¬Ë involvement, aptitude and accomplishments. ) 2. How do the passage goals/outcomes drive the passage action program and related service determinations? The SOP and ITP outline instructional activities and community experiences that help pupils develop the accomplishments to obtain employment, live independently, and take part in postsecondary instruction. ( Salend, 2010, pg. 224 ) . These passage goals/outcomes allows the IEP squad to follow the pupils ends and what advancement he/she has made in obtaining those ends prior to traveling into the work force or college. These ends are based on the pupil ââ¬Ës personal involvement and accomplishments. Therefore this allows the arrangement of the pupil in a accomplishments puting that is of personal involvement to him/her and where his/her alone abilities can be successful after high school. This besides allows the squad to look at what back up the pupil presently needs to be successful in school/home environment and understand what resources the pupil will go on to necessitate after graduation from high school. This will besides assist find what agencies/services might supply and pay for these supports. What larning schemes do you utilize? Are they successful? How did you larn them? What other larning schemes might be helpful to you? The text edition states that, larning schemes are ââ¬Å" techniques that Teach pupils how to larn, act, and win in academic and societal state of affairss â⬠( Salend, 2010, p. 215 ) . One thing I like to make when working on assignments, is to first read through all of the inquiries on the assignment, and so travel back to the first inquiry and read it once more before I begin replying any of the inquiries. By reading everything before get downing I get an thought of what I need to be believing about and in what directions the assignment is traveling. This helps me concentrate on the particular inside informations as I work on each single inquiry. When taking notes I use bullet points foregrounding what I feel the most of import parts of what the instructor is stating alternatively of seeking to compose everything he or she is stating. I know that we all can better in one manner or another but for now my schemes seem to be working because I normally do good in all of my catego ries. That is non to state that I do non fight from clip to clip in which I think we all do. One scheme that I found in the text edition that might assist when composing documents is the POWER scheme ( Salend, 2010, p. 400 ) . The elements involved in this scheme are P: program ( What am I composing about? Who is my audience? Why am I composing? What do I cognize about the subject ) , O: Organize ( How can I group my thoughts? What can I state them ) , W: Write ( compose the chief thought sentences for my chief groups, add inside informations, grounds, illustrations ) , E: Edit ( does it do sense? What inquiries will readers hold? Did I implement my program? ) , R: Revision ( what should I add or cancel? Should I rearrange my thoughts? ) . Research suggests that pupils with disablements go toing colleges are loath to unwrap their disablements and inquire for the adjustments to which they are entitled ( Denhart, 2008 ) . Why do you believe this is the instance? What can be done to assist them get the better of this reluctance? If a pupil is new to an adviser, the designation may be disputing for them. Students reluctance to discourse emotional concerns with advisers and module members may be from a fright of favoritism and stigmatisation, and their fright may be good founded. Their reluctance may reflect anterior experiences with advisers and module members who have been intolerant of pupils with disablements. I feel that learning pupils with disablements self-advocacy accomplishments at an early age and go oning to pattern these accomplishments on a day-to-day footing is the most positive manner to assist with their passage to college. Students who understand their disablement and what they need to be a successful scholar will make far better in college than pupils that do non. Students should hold cognition of their strengths and larning manners, have the ability to explicate their disablement comfortably, and have information about needed adjustments. Students in college demand to presume duty for their learning experience and be able to pass on clearly and assertively with others. How to cite Skills Necessary For Successful Collaboration Education Essay, Essay examples jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-80502806893268060002019-12-06T18:57:00.001-08:002019-12-06T18:57:03.726-08:00Climate Change and Human Health for Present- myassignmenthelp Question: Discuss about theClimate Change and Human Health for Present. Answer: McMichael T, Montgomery H, Costello A. Health risks, present and future, from global climate change. BMJ. 2012 Mar 19;344:e1359.1 In the above stated journal, Tony Mc Michael, who is a professor of population health (National Health and medical research Council) and his colleagues have tried to outline the climatic risks that that climate change is posing on the life of humans, now and also in the near future. It is very obvious that the human actions are bringing about changes in the climate. The scope of this article is to provide the ill effects of global warming on human health. According to the author the global temperature should not exceed 2C . As per the international energy authority; the door to the 2 degree is closing. Therefore the emission has to be hugely curtailed. According to the author the climatic change would bring about unpredictable weather and would hamper the stability of the climate. The immediate and the direct risks that can occur are extreme weather events, alteration in the air quality such as the increase in the concentration of the ozone in the ground level. For example it has been reported that climate change had already doubled the chance that a heat wave as dangerous as the European heat wave of 2003 is likely to occur again. In has been reported that the intergovernmental panel on climatic change had prepared special report on management of the risks of the extreme climatic conditions and disasters and have confirmed that the frequency of the heat wave is likely to increase in different regions. It has also been estimated that the heavy precipitation will occur often, the speed of the wind of the tropical cyclone will increase in the tropical regions. As per the author indirect risks can occur like affecting the ecological and the biophysical systems, the growth rate of the bacteria. Critics have also supported some contradictory facts like the climatic change would bring health benefits to some people like it would bring about milder winters, which might reduce the death rates in out of influenza or the cardiovascular disease in the countries with temperate climate. They have indicated that mosquito population might reduce if the region becomes more arid. Moreover it can be said that, the impacts of the climatic changes on health is anticipated to be increasingly negative. Thus urgent action at the national and the international level is required to reduce the emission of the green house gases and adaptive techniques are to be taken to deal with the health effects which cannot be avoided. Bellard C, Bertelsmeier C, Leadley P, Thuiller W, Courchamp F. Impacts of climate change on the future of biodiversity. Ecology letters. 2012 Apr 1;15(4):365-77.2 In this review the author has tried to investigate the possible effects of the climatic change that can function at individual, population, community, species, ecosystem and the biome level. The report notably shows that species can adapt to the climatic challenges by altering their climatic niche. The following review has highlighted the challenges in the future research regarding the alteration in the biodiversity. The review shows that the recent estimates of the researches are variable, which depend on the taxonomic group, methods, biodiversity loss metrics and the time period. Predictions can lead the scientists to support the adoption of the proactive strategies in order to save the biodiversity. Although, there is a very limited proof of the current extinction of biodiversity caused by the climatic change, it has been estimated that in the next few decades the climatic change might cause severe destruction of the habitat. According to this article that climatic change might bring about phenotypical change in the flowering plants and the pollinating agents, which can cause mismatches between the pollinators and the plant population, which can cause extinction in the plant. A recent analysis shows that a large portion of the Amazon rain forest would be replaced by the savannah grassland. Such changes would obviously bring changes in the flora and the fauna of the particular place. This article clearly defines some of the changes that can take place in the near future and thus helps to make the probable strategies. It also provides with the criteria that IUCN has developed to assess the risk of extinction in their Red List. Experiments and observational data have been employed in order to generate relationships between importance of the global drivers and alteration in the species loss. The limitation of theses predictive tools is that each of the modeling approaches has spatial, methodological and temporal limitations that restrain the predictive power. Cheng JJ, Berry P. Health co-benefits and risks of public health adaptation strategies to climate change: a review of current literature. International journal of public health. 2013 Apr 1;58(2):305-11.3 In this review the author had mentioned about the different public health strategies that have been found to respond to the climatic changes. This review is on the current literature regarding the health benefits and the associated risks in order to get a better knowledge about the how they can affect the health. This journal provides with the information that a literature review has been conducted electronically. Many literatures have been reviewed, that address the health benefits and the risks of climatic change. According to the author, climatic change poses a serious threat to the public health. Different human activities, like burning of the fossil fuel are thought to be the key factor responsible for the climatic changes. The review has identified a range of heath conditions like the increased rate of cardiopulmonary disease, allergies, infections and mental illness. It has been reported that temperature changes, extreme weather and changes in precipitation, air pollution can bring about critical conditions in the public health. In the following journal the author critically reviews about the different adaptation strategies that have been taken up to combat with the extreme weather changes, air pollution. The different strategies that have been taken up, like increasing the shielding, to establish the hot weather response plans, check on the peers and the neighbors during the heat waves. Maintenance and improvement of the disaster management program provide information to the public regar ding the actions to reduce air pollution. The article has also discussed about the general transferrable public health measures that would help to address the impact of the climatic change. The author has emphasized on the scopes of the future researches, which would focus on the long and the short term, positive and the negative results of the adaptation. Baker-Austin C, Campos CJ, Turner A, Higman W, Lees D. Impacts of climate change on human health. MCCIP Sci. Rev. 2013;2013:257-62.4 The above journal is based on how climatic changes can affect the marine life which can bring about detrimental effects in human health. This report focuses on the fact that pathogenic vibrios are being isolated routinely from the UK shell fishes and the water bodies that are affecting the life of the humans. Future health risks associated with the marine environment are difficult to predict, as they are dependent upon several complex factors and are mainly based on incomplete date sets. For example the transmissions of many diseases that are caused mainly due to the changes in the climate depend largely on the demographic and the ecological conditions and to extent on the human immunity. According to the article, the temperature of the marine climate is changing as a result; the microbial population of the water is also altering. For example, in UK, an increase in the harmful algal population has been noticed, which may be due to the rise in the water temperature. Ingestion of the algal toxin can prove lethal to the human health. Climatic warming had led to the development of Protoceratium reticulatum in the UK waters, which is a producer of YTX toxin. Pandemic strains of pathogenic vibrios have also been found to be isolated from the waters that are linked to the global temperature rise of the water. The article says that the sea surface temperature has brought about phenotypic shifts among the diatoms to dinoflagellates, which indicates a large shift in the composition of the marine community. The article has been critically analyzed and can be said that joined-up datasets about the clinical cases associated with marine world is lacking. Furthermore the recent climate model is made on a spatial-temporal scale that is too uncouth to determine its impact on the marine environment. Greater researches are required to gain knowledge about the specific pathogenic strains and the toxins. McMichael AJ. Globalization, climate change, and human health. New England Journal of Medicine. 2013 Apr 4;368(14):1335-43.5 The following journal aims to describe the global climate change and its effect on human health. The article had emphasized that global climate change is a part of the anthropocene syndrome of global environment change which is human induced, which includes ocean acidification, land degradation, ozone depletion. The green house gases emitted from the factories and the burning oil fossil fuels has brought about global warming. It has been reported that most of the global warming is due to the human activities. The global emission of the carbon dioxide has increased over the years, which have brought about rise in the sea levels, melting of the arctic sea and extreme weather conditions. The article had also given an estimation that the average global temperature will rise by 1 to 2C by 2050 and 3 to 4C by 2100. An average rise in the temperature of about 4C would bring consequences that the world had not experienced in millions of years. The article proposed that the rainfall pattern w ould change. Droughts will be common. The article has provided with a three way classification in order to determine the risks on public health. The article has discussed about the extreme climate due to the climatic phenomena like the El Nino. The influence of the climate on the environmental and the social systems that would a affect the water supply, the food yield and the disease pattern. The temperate countries might become hotter, which can increase the health related deaths. The article also discuses about the health risks and the climate change mitigation and the adaptations that can be opted to reduce the risks. Furthermore it can be concluded that conceptual insights are required beyond the conventional understanding of the cause and the prevention of the health risks. References McMichael T, Montgomery H, Costello A. Health risks, present and future, from global climate change. BMJ. 2012 Mar 19;344:e1359. Bellard C, Bertelsmeier C, Leadley P, Thuiller W, Courchamp F. Impacts of climate change on the future of biodiversity. Ecology letters. 2012 Apr 1;15(4):365-77. Cheng JJ, Berry P. Health co-benefits and risks of public health adaptation strategies to climate change: a review of current literature. International journal of public health. 2013 Apr 1;58(2):305-11. Baker-Austin C, Campos CJ, Turner A, Higman W, Lees D. Impacts of climate change on human health. MCCIP Sci. Rev. 2013;2013:257-62. McMichael AJ. Globalization, climate change, and human health. New England Journal of Medicine. 2013 Apr 4;368(14):1335-43. jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-57299893911150769442019-11-29T06:59:00.001-08:002019-11-29T06:59:03.728-08:00Economic Environment of Business Assignment Answers Essay ExampleEconomic Environment of Business Assignment Answers Paper The central focus of this case is how Bedford Tram Company, under the management of Mary Joy and Marty, can increase revenue and become profitable given the business constraints it must operate under, namely; (a) Loss of $0. 15 subsidy per passenger from the State of Maine (b) Not increase the price of tram fare above $2. 00 for two years and subsequently not above the rate of inflation. The railway tram would have to find a way to increase revenue to cover the loss of the $0. 5 subsidy, provide a return on their investment while keeping the average fare at $2. 00 during the season for two. Other notable business challenges to be addressed were; (a) The agreement the authorities had with the local trade union to keep manning levels high at Bedford tram company. (b) Mary Joy and Marty had been instructed to charge all passengers including children, a flat fee such that children were not to be offered a discount on the fare. (c) A potential market in the local visitors who were very pr ice-sensitive. QUESTION 2 Option A Shorten the season and concentrate on reducing cost (See Excellence OPTION A) If it was practicable, Option A would be a profitable route for Bedford Tram Company to pursue. However, this option is not a viable one for the following reasons. 1 . There are businesses in Old Orchard Bay which depend on visitors at all times and not only at peak season because they are not seasonal businesses. Operating the Tram only at peak season would be detrimental to their business because they do depend as well on customers that come in the off- peak season. 2. Shortening the season would displease the local trade union of the tram drivers because manning levels and therefore wages would be greatly effected by this. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Environment of Business Assignment Answers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Environment of Business Assignment Answers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Environment of Business Assignment Answers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It would almost certainly lead to a dispute in the first two years and may hurt business moving forward. 3. For the first two years at least, Bedford Tram Company is still owned by the State of Maine and therefore a public service. It would be difficult to get approval from the authorities to shorten the season. The Trams and Old Orchard Bay are the communitys top selling points. It wont work. QUESTION 3 Option B Use market power increase passenger revenue across the season What Mary Joy means by having market power is that she understands that Bedford Tram Company is a monopoly. A monopoly can either increase price or vary supply at a time but not both. Therefore, in this case, Bedford Tram can increase its fare within the constraints it was given. The nature of a monopoly is such that the company is the only provider of that service and thus, it can segment its market. Hence, the off-peak fares for when mostly locals will use the tram service and peak fares for when mostly out-of-town visitors use it. jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-71834725189920090632019-11-25T13:43:00.001-08:002019-11-25T13:43:03.711-08:00The CIAThe CIA The Central Intelligence Agency has remained on the front lines of American foreign policy for more than 50 years. The CIA's mission is to provide accurate and timely intelligence to the President and other leaders to prevent terrorism as well as to protect national security. Over the past few years the CIA has received some negative attention for both September 11th and the war in Iraq. While its failures are harshly criticized, many of the successes are never known. They work behind closed doors of our government, and the truth is, we don't know all that much about them (Wiki).The United States has been involved with espionage since its creation, the revolutionary war was known for having hundreds of spies. However, a espionage organization was never created, because the Army had always handled intelligence gathering. When Pearl Harbor was attacked in December 1941, and the country entered World War II, government officials soon realized that wars were won by those with the best in formation.Deputy Director of Central Intelligence addressed ...The government then created the department was the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). By end of the war the Soviet Union emerged as its rival and the Cold War got underway. The need for foreign intelligence was greater than ever. "Donovan, the creator of the OSS, proposed that the OSS be demilitarized and become an independent central agency responsible for all matters of intelligence gathering. (Wiki)" In 1947, President Truman signed the National Security Act, which creating the CIA."The CIA is the United States foreign intelligence agency, responsible for obtaining and analyzing information about foreign governments, corporations, and individuals, and reporting such information to various branches of the U.S. government. (Wiki)" They gather information and conduct secret operations to protect national security. It is there job to analyze information from all U.S. intelligence agencies, jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-40541320178474012692019-11-21T21:07:00.001-08:002019-11-21T21:07:03.407-08:00Policy paper on current international problem EssayPolicy paper on current international problem - Essay Example The Palestinian community has also recently been fractured by the Fatah/Hamas split, adding a new and potentially explosive dynamic to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. Despite decades of attempts at resolving this conflict, we are at an impasse and without a resolution in sight. The Palestinian-Israeli conflict remains one of the most enduring and complex disputes of modern times. Although many believe that current fighting began with the creation of the state of Israel in 1948, historian Benny Morris traces the origin of this conflict to early Jewish settlement in the Ottoman region of Filastin (modern day Israel/Palestine) as early as 1881 ââ¬â 67 years before the state of Israel was created. As such, he describes the conflict as a Zionist-Arab dispute and not solely as a problem between modern day Israelis and Palestinians (Morris, 2001). The origins of the dispute between Israelis and Palestinians are important today because two key issues between the warring parties remain largely unchanged since the late ninetieth century. For more than one hundred years these two fundamental issues have driven, contributed to, and exacerbated the protracted nature of this conflict. The first major issue is territorial and the question of land. At its very core, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict is a conflict over land; a tiny sliver of land, semi arid and dry, bordering the Mediterranean Sea and roughly the size of New Jersey (Central Intelligence Agency, 2008). The second major issue is the juxtaposition of Israeli and Palestinian identities; competing nationalisms which were at odds decades before the establishment of the modern state of Israel. It is these two core issues, disputed land and competing nationalisms, which are fundamental to the conflict and which must be tackled with vigor if one seeks to resolve the crisis. Historically speaking, few places on earth share the religious importance of present-day jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-54696330789040809402019-11-20T17:21:00.001-08:002019-11-20T17:21:05.328-08:00Media production Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 wordsMedia production - Essay Example The settings of this film can be illustrated through the luxury portrayed by the Italian director Luca Guadagnino through choice of settings, thereby making the movies a form of European art film. For instance, the film utilizes lavish costumes, sets, elaborate pacing, and nuanced mise-en-scene; in fact, this form of visual poetry and opulent imagery is not common in European movies. The film is set during Christmas through an aperture sequence to reveal Milan during the winter. Furthermore, the film is made in spectacular mansion of the affluent Recchi family, thereby developing a scene, which evokes Viscontiââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Leopard.â⬠For example, this mise-sn-scene is portrayed during a gathering by the family for a birthday dinner in honour of patriarch Edoardo Recchi (Swinton), who is a stylish and reserved head of the family. Another scene through which elegance, luxury and beauty is portrayed in the film is when, a young man names Antonio joins the family at the house to deliver a cake to Edo and he is introduced to Emma. At this point, the Luca Guadagnino's I Am Love offers complete digression into the privileged world attributed to impossible of luxury and sophistication, which numerous Hollywoodââ¬â¢s Golden Age film tries to achieve (Noh, 2010, 1). On the other hand, Yorick Le Sauxââ¬â¢s photography skills presented magnificent designs of these scenes by focusing in the aspect of timelessly archetypal attires by Fendi. For instance, Swinton appearance portrayed Raf Simons to be a fashion genius in making his film debut. A new scene in this film is developed through a rigorous editing in order to establish a context of natural environ. In this case, there are master shots created through progression of speedy cuts of shots in order to offer a representation of the entire scene. Apparently, this new scene is strident in terms of its presentation; though there is difficulty in understanding the way these new surroundings are introduced. B esides, the movies do not present the transition from one scene to another in interesting ways to viewersââ¬â¢ consciousness. Instead, presentation of new scenes is focused on reforming viewersââ¬â¢ understanding of the new scene to fit into the narrative. The film presents another mise-sn-scene in a restaurant where Emma is dinning with her mother-in-law and prospect daughter-in-law. Apparently, Emma is stirred up by the prawn prepared by Antonio; in fact, this is a scene that depicts a transition from 2D to 3D and smell-o-vision. On the other hand, performance by Swinton in this mise-en-scene precisely depicts Emma's arousal by the food. In fact, this forms a brilliant scene in the film while viewers watch as Emma lose control of her senses while her inhibitors take control of her for the rest of the movie. In addition, the movie has a temperate pace, through it gas speedy cutting for sense alteration, and so does the Recchi family. Nonetheless, there are few things that occ ur in the film, though they are enough to make it captivating. Therefore, mise-en-scene of the film is attributable to powerful visual cues, which narrates the story and catalyze the narrativeââ¬â¢s transition from plot to plot. Camera Work Camera works make the film splendid, whereby Guadagnino uses different angles by positioning the camera in unusual spots. In fact, this makes the film has few jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-71030342028094473622019-11-18T17:03:00.001-08:002019-11-18T17:03:05.040-08:00Work Cultures and Social Loafing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsWork Cultures and Social Loafing - Essay Example The study was important because it helps us to understand the behavior of people in different countries and different work culture and sought to find out remedies for this organizational menace. Research was never conducted before about this subject and it assumes significance from the fact that work culture is often ignored and it is further important because work culture changes from country to country and it can't be altered / modified . Research conducted in the United States indicates that members of cultures whose value emphases and social institutions have been characterized as "group-oriented" would tend to form more cohesive groups and be more likely to place group benefit over individual benefit than members of individualistic.(Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 14, No. 3, 368-384 (1983) Social Loafing is a tendency or phenomenon of an individual, to work less when in group than when work alone. As such, group performance may not be satisfactory when compared to individual performance. Social loafing is the "tendency to reduce individual effort when working in groups compared to the individual effort expended when working alone" (Williams & Karau, 1991). "It is the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually" (Karau & Williams, 1993) Social Loafing- "the tendency of individual group members to reduce their work effort as groups increase in size as displayed by the inclination to "goof off" when performance is needed in a group, miss meetings, show up late, or fail to start or complete individual tasks". J. Dan Rothwell, "In Mixed Company: Communicating in Small Groups," 3rd. ed., Harcourt Brace College Publishers, Orlando, .83 In their meta-analytic review of social loafing, Karau and Williams (1993) found that the degree to which the participants' dominant culture emphasizes individualistic versus collectivistic concerns moderated the loafing effect. The magnitude of this effect was found to be larger for participants from individualist-Western cultures than for participants from collectivist-Eastern or oriental cultures. Consistent with this, individuals attach greater importance to group performance and achievement in collectivist cultures (Triandis, 1989), where conceptions of individuality insist on the fundamental relatedness of people to each other (Markus & Kitayama, 1991). An experiment conducted on French students revealed that self - beliefs related to one's feeling of uniqueness play a vital role in performance than in group ( Karau and Williams' (1993) Collective Effort Model). Another research conducted by Kline, Ute-ChristineAnderson, Neil (2007) revealed that personality, cultural, social, and work- and organizational psychology of an employee not only affects social loafing but also addresses the motivational factors of situations that either foster or inhibit social loafing under typical vs maximum performance . With the increasing focus on international ventures and management (Hofstede, 1980; Adler, 1986), it is important that organizational researchers understand intercultural similarities and differences, particularly jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-26645013969732367142019-11-16T05:36:00.001-08:002019-11-16T05:36:10.553-08:00The Soul As The Enduring SelfThe Soul As The Enduring Self Furthermore, according to the passage, Stelios in Mars can feel and think exactly the same as real Stelios in the earth mean that Stelioss soul is still the same. He is able to know who he is, what he is doing and anything that related to him. Besides that, the Traditional view mentioned that wherever the mind is, the person is there because the person is the mind(Velasquez, 2008). Therefore, if the mind or soul is transferred to another body, the person still remains himself or herself. They just use body as the tool to exist. In Stelios case, assuming that the teletransporter system can destroy brain and body cell by cell, however, it can not destroy his thinking soul or thinking mind which is immaterial or spiritual in order to stop his existence or replace him by a clone. 2/ I personally believe that memory is the source of the enduring self. First of all, memory consist of our past and also changing us through the environment. In other words,the memory or the past reflects our character, attitude, thinking, mind as well as enduring self. Everyone have been through different memories, different environment, different status so that we hold different personal identity. In facts, If the person is experiencing another persons memory or past, his personal identity might be different from the present. For example, I am a very good person and I grow up in a happy environment. On my 21st birthday, I involved in a serious accident and injured my brain. The doctor have transfered a new brain to replace my damaged brain. The new brain might caused me not to be the same person like my past because I do not aware how I used to be. The new brain do not have to same memories as I used to have. According to philosopher John Locke, he suggests that what makes a person at one time the same as a personat another time is memory which is the continuity of consciousness. Memory makes awareness of our action and our responsibility. Hence, our awareness force us to be responsible for what we have done in the past. If a person does not have any responsibility or consiousness in his memory, he is considerred not a same person anymore. For instance, a guy had an accident and lost his memory, he cannot remember anything before the accident. From my point of view, I strongly believe that he is not himself anymore and he has become a new person since he cannot be responsible for what he has done in the past. Part B: What does it mean to be human? 1/According to Mullins, when we start to believe that we are merely products of evolution, we are locked away from freedom and being used as tools by people who sit at the top of the heap. In other words, if we are told to consider ourselves as the products, we are not able to decide to be who we wish to be and we cannot change who we determined to be. By doing so, it make us agree to our fate that we are not free to change our status and lack of incentive to fight for our matters. For example, citizens are used in wars for the higher authority which is government and we have no choice to deny that demand from government. We would also blindly accept any unlucky things happen to us. It will just like a destiny that is unchangeable. Furthermore, when we believe everything is fated, we are not willingly to make the progression ourselves but just let it be. For example, a person who was born in the slave family would believe that he is fated to be a slave. He will also accept the fact t o be treated as a slave and unmotivated to fight for his freedom. The statement we are forever bound up in certain genetic reigns means that we are fated to be who we have to be base on our genetic. We might be born to be smart or stupid naturally and we can not choose to be. Therefore, we are not free to choose how we are and do things that we are not smart enough to do. For example, a person is born not smart enough to do maths well base on his parents genetic. He is not free to choose to be smart to do maths well and it is not how he wants to be. 2/ His statement has shown that he believe in human freedom. Even there are things that we may not be able to change such as skin colour, hair colour, height, family and feature, but we are still able to choose our life and destiny. We have to be responsible for our freedom to choose. Therefore, the consequences we bear reflected our free choices and actions. For instance, if we want to get A for our test (consequence), we have to choose to be hard working (choice and action). Even if we are born not smart, we still can work harder and harder because practices make perfect. Besides that, we are also free to think from any perspectives that are available. For instance, if we failed to meet our goal, we can choose to continue to fight for our goal or choose to give up and accept the consequences. According to Mullins, we are not just products of evolution, we are free. We can choose to break free from the control of the authority. We can deny doing what we do not wish to do. For example, the government demand their citizens to go to wars for the country. If it was a war that will not benefit the country, the citizens can choose to protest to the authority about the issue. The citizens have the choice to decide their life. However, they have to be responsible for their decisions. Part C: Strange New World No, I could be in the perfect virtual reality machine and not know it Yes, I know I am awake No, I cannot be sure I am not inside the matrix No, it is a real possibility I believe that the idea of a reality independent of my experience which we may not know or be able to experience is a philosophical red-herring. Reality is just what I experience whether or not I am in the Matrix. You selected the anti-skeptic responses 1/ The activities and the Matrix movie has shown me the definition of the Matrix which is the computer generated dream world that built to keep us under control in order to change human beings into battery. In other words, humans are under controlled by computers through creating a visual reality to them. The movie and activities have brought me to aware of the reality that I used to know might not be true. I might not get the real picture behind of the reality because I might be controlled by the computer programme which set me to believe the reality will be just as what I see now. I think that there is a possibility that I could be living in a virtual world, being controlled by a computer and did not realize it. Nowadays, the technology is so advanced until people rely so much on computer to perform their daily tasks. Human life now is so closely connected with computer. There might be a day that computers over turn humans and rule humans. The activities and Matrix movie have acted as a person to tell me about reality I am not aware before it. jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3520908503781299595.post-90004672171927562692019-11-13T18:07:00.001-08:002019-11-13T18:07:04.253-08:00Flucations In The Australian Dollar :: essays research papers The Australian Dollar is a "Commodity Currency". A "Commodity Currency" means that its fortunes are heavily dependent on the prices of Gold, Copper, Nickel, Coal and Wool. All of these commodities are Australiaââ¬â¢s main exports. At present, commodity prices are low, especially gold. Melbourne-based mining consultant Surbiton Associates said exports of Australian gold were in danger of declining if exploration failed to be supported and production declined as a result. The country produces about $5 billion worth of gold each year and over the past 10 years the metal has earned $42 billion in export revenue. Presently, our dollar has been the weakest in history, comparable to the United States (US) dollar. The record low occurred in early April where it sank to 47.75 US cents. Compared to the US dollar, our Australian dollar buys at present 50.81 US cents. (27 July 2001). It is unrealistic to determine what started the dollars slide or when it started. In this graph it is visible that the dollar started to drop as far back as April 1997. Although, we can never be sure that the fluctuations are actually fluctuations in the $A or those of the $US. For that reason the following figure shows the movements in the $A against the trade weighted index (TWI). As its name indicates, the trade weighted index tries to measure the value of the $A against a basket of currencies. Those currencies are chosen to reflect the weight in Australia's trade with the countries issuing the currencies in the index. At the moment, the US dollar is very strong. This is surprising considering that the American economy is not very strong. Interest rates in the US basically show the situation. Americas interest rates have seen five cuts over the last four months to where it now sits at 3.75%. This was the US governmentsââ¬â¢ way of trying to kick-start the economy through fiscal policy. This is why many economists believe the US dollar will subside, as there is no backing in the economy. The ââ¬Å"Aussieâ⬠, as it is referred to in foreign markets, is believed to be dependent on the performance of the Japanese Yen and the new Eurodollar, with the three currencies tending to move in tandem. This is because of Australiaââ¬â¢s importing and exporting relationship with the two other currencies. Interest Rates At the moment the interest rate in Australia sits at 5%. In resent times interest rates have been subject to three cuts. jaynebaker1974http://www.blogger.com/profile/14692809025566806800noreply@blogger.com0